ArticleTranslational lung cancer research2026
Efficacy and safety of osimertinib combined with anlotinib in EGFR-mutant non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer with gradual progression after first-line osimertinib therapy: a single-center retrospective cohort study.
Article in Translational lung cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Osimertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has substantially improved clinical outcomes in patients with Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients with unresectable stage III or IV Results: A total of 52 patients were enrolled. The median age was 66 years. 40(76.9%) had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 0-1, 16 (30.8%) presented with brain metastases, 23 (44.2%) harbored exon 19 deletions, and 29 (55.8%) had L858R mutations. Molecular testing was performed in 12 patients after gradual progression. As of September 6, 2025, the median follow-up was 34.8 months, 48 PFS events were recorded and 22 patients died. The ORR was 7.7% (4/52), and the DCR was 86.5% (45/52). The median PFS (mPFS) was 9.9 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.2-12.1], with PFS rates of 61.5% at 6 months and 40.4% at 12 months. The median OS was not reached. OS rates were 86.3% at 12 months and 62.4% at 24 months. The exploratory multivariate COX analysis revealed that ECOG PS [hazard ratio (HR): 3.115, 95% CI: 1.111-7.706, P<0.001] and brain metastasis (HR: 2.242, 95% CI: 1.341-7.842, P=0.009) were associated with mPFS. Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 9.6% (5/52) of patients. The most frequently observed AEs were diarrhea (42.3%, 22/52), hypertension (34.6%, 18/52), proteinuria (30.8%, 16/52), decreased appetite (28.8%, 15/52), and weight loss (28.8%, 15/52). Conclusions: In this retrospective cohort focusing on the specific pattern of gradual progression following first-line osimertinib therapy, continued osimertinib combined with anlotinib demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity, which warrants further evaluation in prospective comparative studies.
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