ReviewTaiwan journal of ophthalmology
Regenerative therapies using pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoids.
Review in Taiwan journal of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Photoreceptor degeneration leads to irreversible vision loss in numerous inherited retinal diseases. While gene therapy addresses specific mutations, cell replacement strategies offer a potentially broader solution applicable across multiple genetic causes. This review traces the evolution of retinal transplantation approaches, from early fetal tissue transplants to modern pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoids. The development of three-dimensional retinal organoids marked a significant advancement, providing transplantable tissue that maintains cellular architecture and relationships. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that transplanted organoids can develop mature photoreceptors with outer segments, form synaptic connections with host bipolar cells, restore light responsiveness in host retinal ganglion cells, and enable light-responsive behaviors in animal models. The first human clinical application using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoids has demonstrated safety and stable graft survival over 2 years, with potential functional improvement in one patient at around 1 year after transplantation. Recent innovations include genome-edited retinal organoids with reduced competing bipolar cells, which enhance functional integration by increasing host-graft connectivity. While significant challenges remain, including increasing transplantation area, improving surgical techniques, optimizing patient selection, and addressing manufacturing and regulatory considerations, continued progress in this field may offer hope for some visual improvement in currently untreatable retinal degenerative conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.