Trial reportDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association1994
Antihyperglycaemic efficacy, response prediction and dose-response relations of treatment with metformin and sulphonylurea, alone and in primary combination.
Trial report in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Safety and Efficacy of Metformin Glycinate vs Metformin Hydrochloride on Metabolic Control and Inflammatory Mediators in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Efficacy and Safety of Metformin Glycinate Compared to Metformin Hydrochloride on the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gastrointestinal adverse events of metformin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2010 · on this mapPooled it
- C-peptide in Precision Diabetes Care and Beyond: A Comprehensive Review.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2026Review
- Exploring the potential role of C-peptide in type 2 diabetes management.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Review
- Metformin efficacy and tolerance according to genetic polymorphisms of organic cation transporter 1 in Tunisian patients with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Predictors of Responsiveness to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Insulin-Treated Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2023Article
- A Practical Review of C-Peptide Testing in Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2017Review
- Influence of SLC22A1 rs622342 genetic polymorphism on metformin response in South Indian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
- Article
- The clinical utility of C-peptide measurement in the care of patients with diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2013Review
- Metformin and its clinical use: new insights for an old drug in clinical practice.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2012Article
- Assessment of endogenous insulin secretion in insulin treated diabetes predicts postprandial glucose and treatment response to prandial insulin.BMC endocrine disorders · 2012Article
- Clinical pharmacokinetics of metformin.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2011 · on this mapReview
- Pharmacogenetics of Anti-Diabetes Drugs.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2010Article
- Reduced-function SLC22A1 polymorphisms encoding organic cation transporter 1 and glycemic response to metformin: a GoDARTS study.Diabetes · 2009Article
- Effect of genetic variation in the organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) on metformin action.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2007Article
- Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2005Review
- Tolerability profile of metformin/glibenclamide combination tablets (Glucovance): a new treatment for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Drug safety · 2004Review
- Economic model of first-line drug strategies to achieve recommended glycaemic control in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.PharmacoEconomics · 2003Article
- Modern pharmacotherapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2001Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The short-term (2-12 weeks) antihyperglycaemic efficacy of metformin (M), glibenclamide (G), and their primary combination (MG) was assessed in a double-blind study including 165 unselected patients with Type 2 diabetes. Patients with diet failure were randomized to M, G or MG. The dose was titrated with a fasting blood glucose concentration (FBG) of < 6.7 mmol l-1 as the target, using at most six dose levels, the first three comprising increasing monotherapy (M or G) or low-dose primary combination (MGL), and the second three add-on therapies (M/G and G/M) and primary combination therapy escalated to high dose (MGH). Success rates were higher on MGL than on monotherapy. The difference in achieving acceptable control (FBG < or = 7.8 mmol 1(-1)) was 70% versus 51% (95% confidence interval 3-36%, p = 0.032). When the drugs were combined, a slightly greater FBG reduction (p = 0.026) was observed, at lower dosage (p = 0.013). The response could not be predicted from body weight, but depended upon initial FBG (p = 0.019) and meal-stimulated C-peptide (p = 0.007). FBG declined progressively with increasing doses of metformin, whereas glibenclamide exerted most of its effect at low dose. Primary combination therapy with metformin and sulphonylurea may be clinically useful.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.