ReviewThe New England journal of medicine1996
Metformin.
Review in The New England journal of medicine, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 546 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Oral Combination Therapy of Metformin Extended Release Over Glimepiride in a Single Dosage Form in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Failure of Monotherapy
A Randomized Phase 3 Trial of Metformin in Patients Initiating Androgen Deprivation Therapy as Prevention and Intervention of Metabolic Syndrome: The Prime Study
Metformin Continuation Safety in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
Bioavailability of Glimepiride/Extended Release Metformin (4/850 mg) in Healthy Mexican Volunteers
Bioavailability of Glimepiride/Extended Release Metformin (4/850 mg) After a High Fat Diet, in Healthy Mexican Volunteers
Who cites it
546 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Rapamycin, Not Metformin, Mirrors Dietary Restriction-Driven Lifespan Extension in Vertebrates: A Meta-Analysis.Aging cell · 2025Pooled it
- 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Full Version Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Guideline
- Metformin versus insulin in gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of metformin therapy in patients with cancer: a meta-analysis of 22 randomised controlled trials.BMC medicine · 2022Pooled it
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- Metformin and thyroid carcinoma incidence and prognosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- The Genetics of Adverse Drug Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Pooled it
- The Association between Metformin Therapy and Lactic Acidosis.Drug safety · 2019Pooled it
- Metformin and second- or third-generation sulphonylurea combination therapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019 · on this mapPooled it
- Metformin for Weight Gain Associated with Second-Generation Antipsychotics in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.CNS drugs · 2018Pooled it
- Metformin for women who are overweight or obese during pregnancy for improving maternal and infant outcomes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- The anti-obesogenic metabolite, Lac-Phe, is elevated by metformin treatment in prostate cancer patients.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Trial
- Letrozole, abemaciclib and metformin in endometrial cancer: a non-randomized phase 2 trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- A Multicenter Pilot Randomized Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in High-Risk Individuals.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Probiotic vs. placebo and metformin: probiotic dietary intervention in polycystic ovary syndrome - A randomized controlled trial.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Trial
- Gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicity profiles of metformin versus placebo in men with prostate cancer receiving prostate radiotherapy: interim toxicity results of a double-blinded, multicenter, phase II randomized controlled trial.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2021Trial
- Prognostic Significance of VEGF and HIF-1 α in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Receiving Sorafenib Versus Metformin Sorafenib Combination.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2021Trial
- Hepatic exposure of metformin in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Trial
- Which is better, high-dose metformin monotherapy or low-dose metformin/linagliptin combination therapy, in improving glycemic variability in type 2 diabetes patients with insufficient glycemic control despite low-dose metformin monotherapy? A randomized, cross-over, continuous glucose monitoring-based pilot study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2019Trial
- A pharmacodynamic study of sirolimus and metformin in patients with advanced solid tumors.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2018Trial
486 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
8569826What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.