Trial reportThe Journal of clinical investigation1996
Role of blood flow in regulating insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in humans. Studies using bradykinin, [15O]water, and [18F]fluoro-deoxy-glucose and positron emission tomography.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 158 citations in OpenAlex.
- Compartmental modeling for blood flow quantification from dynamicAnnals of nuclear medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Bradykinin B2 Receptor Signaling Increases Glucose Uptake and Oxidation: Evidence and Open Questions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Electroacupuncture stimulation at sub-specific acupoint and non-acupoint induced distinct brain glucose metabolism change in migraineurs: a PET-CT study.Journal of translational medicine · 2014Trial
- Squeezing the muscle: compression clothing and muscle metabolism during recovery from high intensity exercise.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Increasing exercise intensity reduces heterogeneity of glucose uptake in human skeletal muscles.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Sodium nitroprusside increases human skeletal muscle blood flow, but does not change flow distribution or glucose uptake.The Journal of physiology · 1999Trial
- Insulin resistance of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cannot be ameliorated by enhancing endothelium-dependent blood flow in obesity.The Journal of clinical investigation · 1998Trial
- Relationship between limb and muscle blood flow in man.The Journal of physiology · 1996Trial
- Organ-Specific Perfusion Response to Adenosine as Measured Using Total-Body PET.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2026Article
- Radiopharmaceuticals for Skeletal Muscle PET Imaging.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Total-Body Perfusion Imaging with [Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2023Article
- Repository Describing the Anatomical, Physiological, and Biological Changes in an Obese Population to Inform Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2022Article
- Is vascular insulin resistance an early step in diet-induced whole-body insulin resistance?Nutrition & diabetes · 2022Review
- Modeling the measurement bias in interstitial glucose concentrations derived from microdialysis in skeletal muscle.Physiological reports · 2022Article
- Total-Body PET Imaging of Musculoskeletal Disorders.PET clinics · 2021Review
- Large-Scale Production ofACS central science · 2019Article
- Liver blood dynamics after bariatric surgery: the effects of mixed-meal test and incretin infusions.Endocrine connections · 2018Article
- Methods for the determination of skeletal muscle blood flow: development, strengths and limitations.European journal of applied physiology · 2018Review
- Muscle microvasculature's structural and functional specializations facilitate muscle metabolism.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2016Review
- Insulin resistance and skeletal muscle vasculature: significance, assessment and therapeutic modulators.Cardiorenal medicine · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Defects in insulin stimulation of blood flow have been used suggested to contribute to insulin resistance. To directly test whether glucose uptake can be altered by changing blood flow, we infused bradykinin (27 microgram over 100 min), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, into the femoral artery of 12 normal subjects (age 25+/-1 yr, body mass index 22+/-1 kg/m2) after an overnight fast (n = 5) and during normoglycemic hyperinsulinemic (n = 7) conditions (serum insulin 465+/-11 pmol/liter, 0-100 min). Blood flow was measured simultaneously in both femoral regions using [15O]-labeled water ([15O]H2O) and positron emission tomography (PET), before and during (50 min) the bradykinin infusion. Glucose uptake was measured immediately after the blood flow measurement simultaneously in both femoral regions using [18F]-fluoro-deoxy-glucose ([18F]FDG) and PET. During hyperinsulinemia, muscle blood flow was 58% higher in the bradykinin-infused (38+/-9 ml/kg muscle x min) than in the control leg (24+/-5, P<0.01). Femoral muscle glucose uptake was identical in both legs (60.6+/-9.5 vs. 58.7+/-9.0 micromol/kg x min, bradykinin-infused vs control leg, NS). Glucose extraction by skeletal muscle was 44% higher in the control (2.6+/-0.2 mmol/liter) than the bradykinin-infused leg (1.8+/-0.2 mmol/liter, P<0.01). When bradykinin was infused in the basal state, flow was 98% higher in the bradykinin-infused (58+/-12 ml/kg muscle x min) than the control leg (28+/-6 ml/kg muscle x min, P<0.01) but rates of muscle glucose uptake were identical in both legs (10.1+/-0.9 vs. 10.6+/-0.8 micromol/kg x min). We conclude that bradykinin increases skeletal muscle blood flow but not muscle glucose uptake in vivo. These data provide direct evidence against the hypothesis that blood flow is an independent regulator of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.