ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1996
Kringle-containing fragments of apolipoprotein(a) circulate in human plasma and are excreted into the urine.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipoprotein(a) and Its Role in Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Narrative Review.Vascular health and risk management · 2025Review
- Lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease.The Biochemical journal · 2024Review
- Evidence and Uncertainties on Lipoprotein(a) as a Marker of Cardiovascular Health Risk in Children and Adolescents.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Lipoprotein(a): Cardiovascular Disease, Aortic Stenosis and New Therapeutic Option.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Lipoprotein(a): A Genetically Determined, Causal, and Prevalent Risk Factor for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2022Review
- Lipoprotein(a).Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
- Lipoprotein (a): a historical appraisal.Journal of lipid research · 2017Review
- Structure, function, and genetics of lipoprotein (a).Journal of lipid research · 2016Review
- Immunopathology of desialylation: human plasma lipoprotein(a) and circulating anti-carbohydrate antibodies form immune complexes that recognize host cells.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2015Article
- Causes and consequences of lipoprotein(a) abnormalities in kidney disease.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2014Review
- Lipoprotein(a) in cardiovascular diseases.BioMed research international · 2013Review
- Association between high molecular weight apolipoprotein isoforms and lipoprotein levels in advanced chronic kidney disease and the effect of hemodialysis.Indian journal of nephrology · 2013Article
- Enigmatic role of lipoprotein(a) in cardiovascular disease.Clinical and translational science · 2010Article
- A physiological function for apolipoprotein(a): a natural regulator of the inflammatory response.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2009Article
- Plasma apolipoprotein(a) co-deposits with fibrin in inflammatory arthritic joints.The American journal of pathology · 2001Article
- Lipoprotein(a) and coronary heart disease risk.Current cardiology reports · 1999Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] contains multiple kringle 4 repeats and circulates as part of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. Apo(a) is synthesized by the liver but its clearance mechanism is unknown. Previously, we showed that kringle 4-containing fragments of apo(a) are present in human urine. To probe their origin, human plasma was examined and a series of apo(a) immunoreactive peptides larger in size than urinary fragments was identified. The concentration of apo(a) fragments in plasma was directly related to the plasma level of Lp(a) and the 24-h urinary excretion of apo(a). Individuals with low (< 2 mg/dl) plasma levels of Lp(a) had proportionally more apo(a) circulating as fragments in their plasma. Similar apo(a) fragments were identified in baboon plasma but not in conditioned media from primary cultures of baboon hepatocytes, suggesting that the apo(a) fragments are generated from circulating apo(a) or Lp(a). When apo(a) fragments purified from human plasma were injected intravenously into mice, a species that does not produce apo(a), apo(a) fragments similar to those found in human urine were readily detected in mouse urine. Thus, we propose that apo(a) fragments in human plasma are derived from circulating apo(a)/Lp(a) and are the source of urinary apo(a).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.