Evidence mapPaperPMID 9191756Full record

ArticleNeurology1997

Clinical dementia rating training and reliability in multicenter studies: the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study experience.

J C Morris, C Ernesto, K Schafer, M Coats, S Leon, M Sano, L J Thal, P Woodbury

5 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 192 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
192citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06072963 phase2recruitingstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Combination of Intranasal Insulin With Oral Semaglutide to Improve Cognition and Cerebral Blood Flow: a Feasibility Study

Ran2024Enrolled80Registered outcomes15Posted comparisons0ConditionsAlzheimer Disease, Metabolic Syndrome, Mild Cognitive ImpairmentArmsIntranasal insulin, Intranasal insulin placebo, semaglutide, Semaglutide placebo
Open the trial in the graph
NCT03857321 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Device Study for Intranasal Delivery of Insulin

TypeinterventionalSponsorWake Forest University Health SciencesRan2019 to 2019Enrolled20ConditionsMild Cognitive Impairment, Cognitive ImpairmentArmsInsulin, Placebo, intranasal nebulizer-like device
NCT04199767 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

SNIFF Multi-Device Study 2 - Study of Nasal Insulin to Fight Forgetfulness

TypeinterventionalSponsorWake Forest University Health SciencesRan2020 to 2020Enrolled13ConditionsMild Cognitive Impairment, Cognitive ImpairmentArms20 IU Humulin® R U-100 (NDC: 0002-8215, Eli Lilly & Company), 40 IU Humulin® R U-100 (NDC: 0002-8215, Eli Lilly & Company)
NCT05006599 phase2withdrawnnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Study of Nasal Insulin to Fight Forgetfulness (SNIFF) - 3-Week Aptar CPS Device

TypeinterventionalSponsorWake Forest University Health SciencesRan2025 to 2031Enrolled0ConditionsMild Cognitive Impairment, Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer Disease, Early OnsetArmsInsulin (Humulin® R U-100), Placebo, Aptar Pharma CPS Intranasal Delivery Device
NCT05081219 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Study of Nasal Insulin to Fight Forgetfulness - Combination Intranasal Insulin and Empagliflozin Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorWake Forest University Health SciencesRan2021 to 2024Enrolled47ConditionsMild Cognitive Impairment, Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer DiseaseArmsInsulin (Humulin® R U-100), Empagliflozin 10 MG, Aptar Pharma CPS Intranasal Delivery Device, Placebo (Insulin Diluent), Placebo (Capsules)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

192 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Tele-neuropsychological assessment tools in Italy: a systematic review on psychometric properties and usability.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. Baseline cognition and demographic, lifestyle, and cardiovascular risk factors in US POINTER.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Trial
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  8. Genome-wide scan of healthy human connectome discovers SPON1 gene variant influencing dementia severity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013
    Trial
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  11. Article
  12. Article
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  14. Article
  15. Neural embedding of frailty in cognitively unimpaired aging and dementia across Latin America.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Observational
  19. Article
  20. Article

132 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

J C MorrisDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
C Ernesto
K Schafer
M Coats
S Leon
M Sano
L J Thal
P Woodbury

Funding

TRIAL OF VALPROATE TO ATTENUATE THE PROGRESSION OF ADU01AG010483 · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · 1991 to 2005
$60.5M
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY ALZHEIMERS DISEASE RESEARCH CENTERP50AG005681 · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 1985 to 2005
$16.3M
PREDICTING COGNITIVE DECLINE IN NONDEMENTED ELDER SUBJECTSP01AG003991 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI JOHN MORRIS · 1985 to 2023
$14.7M
NIA NIH HHS AG-03991NIA NIH HHS AG-05681NIA NIH HHS AG-10483NIA NIH HHS U19 AG010483
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Global ratings of dementia severity are used increasingly in clinical trials of antidementia compounds. Such ratings are clinically relevant, but their reliability in multicenter settings has not been determined. To evaluate the reliability of one global scale, the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), 82 investigators of the multicenter Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study participated in a training and reliability protocol using videotaped assessments of subjects in various stages of Alzheimer's disease. Following training, overall agreement of the investigators with "gold standard" CDR scores was 83%. These results indicate that the training protocol is useful for establishing good levels of agreement in staging dementia severity and that the CDR can be standardized as a clinical global scale for multicenter studies of Alzheimer's disease.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseClinical Trials as TopicCognitionHumansMulticenter Studies as TopicObserver VariationPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesReproducibility of ResultsVideotape Recording

Identifiers

PMID9191756

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.