Evidence mapPaperPMID 9489591Full record

Trial reportBritish journal of clinical pharmacology1998

Improvement in the gastrointestinal absorption of troglitazone when taken with, or shortly after, food.

M A Young, S Lettis, R Eastmond

Open access · bronzeAbstract readClinical TrialRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Effects of food on clinical pharmacokinetics.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 1999
    Review
  6. Clinical pharmacokinetics of troglitazone.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 1999
    Review
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

M A YoungDepartment of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Dynamics, Glaxo Wellcome Research and Development Ltd, Greenford, Middlesex, UK.
S Lettis
R Eastmond
Wellcome Library · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTroglitazone, an insulin action enhancing agent, is currently in clinical development for the treatment of non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to establish the effect of food on the systemic absorption and metabolism of troglitazone.

methodsAfter an overnight fast, 12 healthy male volunteers each received, in random order, troglitazone (400 mg orally) alone, concomitantly with (at the start of), and 30 min after, a standardized diabetic breakfast as part of a three-period crossover study.

resultsWhen troglitazone was administered with or after food, geometric mean values of area under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC[last]) relative to fasting state were increased significantly by 59% in both cases (95% CI 1-150%, P=0.046 and 2-148%, P=0.040) with values of 11.4, 11.5 and 7.2 microg ml(-1) h respectively. Maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) increased by 96% and 72% (95% CI 29-197%, P=0.003 and 15-158%, P=0.011) with values of 2.2, 2.0 and 1.1 microg ml(-1) respectively. Changes in t(lag) were not clinically significant. Increases in AUC(0, infinity) for the main circulating sulphate metabolite relative to fasting were also significant (41%, 95% CI 5-89%, P=0.025 and 34%, 95% CI 1-79%, P= 0.044 respectively) with values of 82.6, 78.6 and 58.5 microg h ml(-1). Cmax increased by 68% (95%, CI 10-156%, P=0.019) and 65% (95% CI 9-149%, P=0.020) with values of 3.2, 3.1 and 1.9 microg ml(-1) respectively. Reductions in t1/2 (16 and 21%, 95% CI 0-30, 6-33) although statistically significant (P=0.050 and P=0.009) were not clinically significant with values of 22.3, 20.4 and 24.5 h for with food, after food and fasting respectively. Troglitazone was well tolerated in all cases throughout the study with a trend for improved tolerability of gastrointestinal symptoms when taken 30 min after a meal.

conclusionsThe absorption of troglitazone is enhanced significantly by food with little effect on the main metabolic pathway. Increased absorption of troglitazone in the presence of food is likely to be a consequence of enhanced solubility in bile combined with an increase in dissolution time. On the basis of these findings, troglitazone should be taken either with, or up to 30 min after, food.

Indexed as

ThiazolidinedionesAdultChromansCross-Over StudiesDigestive SystemEatingFoodHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIntestinal AbsorptionMaleThiazolesTroglitazoneChromansHypoglycemic AgentsThiazolesThiazolidinedionesTroglitazone

Identifiers

PMID9489591
PMCPMC1873986
OpenAlexW1518640361

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.