Trial reportThe Journal of clinical investigation1998
Retinoids increase human apo C-III expression at the transcriptional level via the retinoid X receptor. Contribution to the hypertriglyceridemic action of retinoids.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation and treatment of hypertriglyceridemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2012Guideline
- The Impact of Isotretinoin on Lipid Profile: a Systematic Review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Retinoid X receptor heterodimers in hepatic function: structural insights and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Serum lipid profile in adolescents and adults with acne vulgaris receiving isotretinoin.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Fenretinide inhibits obesity and fatty liver disease but induces Smpd3 to increase serum ceramides and worsen atherosclerosis in LDLRScientific reports · 2023Article
- Reduction in the Dietary VA Status Prevents Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Association between Serum Vitamin A, Blood Lipid Level and Dyslipidemia among Chinese Children and Adolescents.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Retinoic acid promotes tissue vitamin A status and modulates adipose tissue metabolism of neonatal rats exposed to maternal high-fat diet-induced obesity.Journal of nutritional science · 2022Article
- The Association and Mediating Biomarkers of Serum Retinol in Influencing the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Elderly Population.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- The role of the retinoid receptor, RAR/RXR heterodimer, in liver physiology.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2021Review
- Integrative Genomic-Epigenomic Analysis of Clozapine-Treated Patients with Refractory Psychosis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The role of β-carotene and vitamin A in atherogenesis: Evidences from preclinical and clinical studies.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids · 2020Review
- Retinoids Repress Human Cardiovascular Cell Calcification With Evidence for Distinct Selective Retinoid Modulator Effects.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2020Article
- Glycogen storage disease type 1a is associated with disturbed vitamin A metabolism and elevated serum retinol levels.Human molecular genetics · 2020Article
- A Comprehensive Update on the Chylomicronemia Syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Investigation of new candidate genes in retinoblastoma using the TruSight One "clinical exome" gene panel.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2019Article
- Vitamin A signaling and homeostasis in obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2019Review
- Single-Cell Analysis Reveals Regional Reprogramming During Adaptation to Massive Small Bowel Resection in Mice.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2019Article
- Neither polyphenol-rich red wine nor fenofibrate affects the onset of type-1 diabetes mellitus in the BB rat.Laboratory animal research · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia is a metabolic complication of retinoid therapy. In this study, we analyzed whether retinoids increase the expression of apo C-III, an antagonist of plasma triglyceride catabolism. In men, isotretinoin treatment (80 mg/d; 5 d) resulted in elevated plasma apo C-III, but not apo E concentrations. In human hepatoma HepG2 cells, retinoids increased apo C-III mRNA and protein production. Transient transfection experiments indicated that retinoids increase apo C-III expression at the transcriptional level. This increased apo C-III transcription is mediated by the retinoid X receptor (RXR), since LG1069 (4-[1-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3,5,5,8, 8-pentamethyl-2-naphtalenyl)ethenyl]benzoic acid), a RXR-specific agonist, but not TTNPB ((E)- 4-[2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8, 8-tetramethyl-2-naphtalenyl)propenyl]benzoic acid), a retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-specific agonist, induced apo C-III mRNA in HepG2 cells and primary human hepatocytes. Mutagenesis experiments localized the retinoid responsiveness to a cis-element consisting of two imperfect AGGTCA sequences spaced by one oligonucleotide (DR-1), within the previously identified C3P footprint site. Cotransfection assays showed that RXR, but not RAR, activates apo C-III transcription through this element either as a homo- or as a heterodimer with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. Thus, apo C-III is a target gene for retinoids acting via RXR. Increased apo C-III expression may contribute to the hypertriglyceridemia and atherogenic lipoprotein profile observed after retinoid therapy.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.