ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2009
Relationship between thiazolidinedione use and cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes: a time-updated propensity analysis.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Thiazolidinediones for people with chronic kidney disease and diabetes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of thiazolidinediones in diabetes patients with renal impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Cardiovascular risk associated with the use of glitazones, metformin and sufonylureas: meta-analysis of published observational studies.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2016 · on this mapPooled it
- The risk of heart failure associated with the use of noninsulin blood glucose-lowering drugs: systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational studies.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2014 · on this mapPooled it
- A systematic review of validated methods for identifying cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack using administrative data.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2012Pooled it
- A randomized controlled trial to provide adherence information and motivational interviewing to improve diabetes and lipid control.The Diabetes educator · 2015Trial
- Altered taste perception and nutritional status among hemodialysis patients.Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation · 2013Trial
- Review
- Surface Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Selective Sorbent for Affinity Fishing of PPAR-γ Ligands fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Healthcare Databases for Drug Safety Research: Data Validity Assessment Remains Crucial.Drug safety · 2018Review
- PPARPPAR research · 2017Review
- A new method to address unmeasured confounding of mortality in observational studies.Learning health systems · 2017Article
- Addressing limitations in observational studies of the association between glucose-lowering medications and all-cause mortality: a review.Drug safety · 2015Review
- Observational studies of the association between glucose-lowering medications and cardiovascular outcomes: addressing methodological limitations.Diabetologia · 2014Review
- Differing effects of metformin on glycemic control by race-ethnicity.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2014Article
- Effect of ezetimibe on major atherosclerotic disease events and all-cause mortality.The American journal of cardiology · 2013Article
- PPAR-γ as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease: evidence and uncertainty.Journal of lipid research · 2012Review
- Association of β-blocker exposure with outcomes in heart failure differs between African American and white patients.Circulation. Heart failure · 2012Article
- Quantifying the proportion of severe asthma exacerbations attributable to inhaled corticosteroid nonadherence.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2011Article
- Relation of worsened renal function during hospitalization for heart failure to long-term outcomes and rehospitalization.The American journal of cardiology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the association of the thiazolidinediones (TZDs), rosiglitazone, and pioglitazone, together and individually on the risk of cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality, using time-updated propensity score adjusted analysis.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study in a large vertically integrated health system in southeast Michigan. Cohort inclusion criteria included adult patients with diabetes treated with oral medications and followed longitudinally within the health system between 1 January 2000 and 1 December 2006. The primary outcome was fatal and non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Secondary outcomes included hospitalizations for congestive heart failure (CHF), fatal, and non-fatal cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) and transient ischemic attacks (TIA), combined coronary heart disease (CHD) events, and all-cause mortality.
results19,171 patients were included in this study. Use of TZDs (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with propensity adjustment (PA), 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73-1.17), rosiglitazone (aHR with PA, 1.06; 95%CI 0.66-1.70), and pioglitazone (aHR with PA, 0.91; 95%CI 0.69-1.21) was not associated with a higher risk of AMI. However, pioglitazone use was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (aHR with PA, 0.60; 95%CI 0.42-0.96). Compared with rosiglitazone, pioglitazone use was associated with a lower risk of all outcomes assessed, particularly CHF (p = 0.013) and combined CHD events (p = 0.048).
conclusionsOur findings suggest that pioglitazone may have a more favorable risk profile when compared to rosiglitazone, arguing against a singular effect for TZDs on cardiovascular outcomes.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.