Trial reportJournal of the American College of Cardiology2013
Relationship of lipoproteins to cardiovascular events: the AIM-HIGH Trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes).
Trial report in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2013. The graph read 1 number from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map, but it casts no vote: it is a later paper about NCT00120289, whose primary report (PMID 22085343) speaks for the trial. It reports registered trial NCT00120289. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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In a subset of patients in both the highest triglyceride (≥ 198 mg/dl) and lowest HDL-C (<33 mg/dl) tertiles, ER niacin showed a trend toward benefit (hazard ratio: 0.74, p = 0.073).
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Other lipid agents×lipids
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →28 readable studies in this cell: 17 favour the treatment, 2 find no difference, 9 favour the comparator.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
AIM HIGH: Niacin Plus Statin to Prevent Vascular Events
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 182 citations in OpenAlex.
- Niacin for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017 · on this mapPooled it
- Statins for primary prevention of venous thromboembolism.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Reduction in Revascularization With Icosapent Ethyl: Insights From REDUCE-IT Revascularization Analyses.Circulation · 2021 · on this mapTrial
- Rationale and design of REDUCE-IT: Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial.Clinical cardiology · 2017 · on this mapTrial
- Relationship of baseline HDL subclasses, small dense LDL and LDL triglyceride to cardiovascular events in the AIM-HIGH clinical trial.Atherosclerosis · 2016 · on this mapTrial
- Effects of extended-release niacin/laropiprant on correlations between apolipoprotein B, LDL-cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes.Lipids in health and disease · 2016Trial
- Association Between Very Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Long-term Outcomes of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Treated Without Revascularization: Insights From the TRILOGY ACS Trial.Clinical cardiology · 2016Trial
- Longer duration of statin therapy is associated with decreased carotid plaque vascularity by magnetic resonance imaging.Atherosclerosis · 2016 · on this mapTrial
- Effect of extended-release niacin on cardiovascular events and kidney function in chronic kidney disease: a post hoc analysis of the AIM-HIGH trial.Kidney international · 2015Trial
- Extended-release niacin/laropiprant significantly improves lipid levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus irrespective of baseline glycemic control.Vascular health and risk management · 2015Trial
- Hypertriglyceridaemia and its multifaceted mechanisms driving atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Review
- Niacin and Stroke: The Role of Supplementation and Emerging Concepts in Clinical Practice, a Narrative Review.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- HDL-Cholesterol and Triglycerides Dynamics: Essential Players in Metabolic Syndrome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Biomarker-Guided Dietary Supplementation: A Narrative Review of Precision in Personalized Nutrition.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Association between Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Subclinical Myocardial Injury in the General Population.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Exploring the Landscape of Anti-Inflammatory Trials: A Comprehensive Review of Strategies for Targeting Inflammation in Acute Myocardial Infraction.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Deteriorative Effect of a Combination of Hypertriglyceridemia and Low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterolemia on Target Lesion Revascularization after Everolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2023Article
- Lipoprotein(a) as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Diseases: Pathophysiology and Treatment Perspectives.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Arterial Hypertension: Is There Any Good News?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- High Density Lipoproteins: Is There a Comeback as a Therapeutic Target?Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
objectivesThis study sought to examine the relationship between niacin treatment, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in this secondary analysis of the AIM-HIGH (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes) trial.
backgroundDuring a 3-year follow-up in 3,414 patients with established CV disease and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, combined niacin + low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-lowering therapy did not reduce CV events compared with LDL-C-lowering therapy alone.
methodsSubjects taking simvastatin and/or ezetimibe were randomized to receive extended-release (ER) niacin 1,500 to 2,000 mg or minimal immediate-release niacin (≤ 150 mg) as placebo at bedtime. LDL-C levels in both groups were maintained from 40 to 80 mg/dl. Hazard ratios were estimated by using Cox proportional hazards models for relationships between lipoproteins and the composite endpoint of CV death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, ischemic stroke, or symptom-driven revascularization.
resultsCV outcomes were not associated with ER niacin in any baseline lipoprotein tertile. In a subset of patients in both the highest triglyceride (≥ 198 mg/dl) and lowest HDL-C (<33 mg/dl) tertiles, ER niacin showed a trend toward benefit (hazard ratio: 0.74, p = 0.073). In-trial LDL-C levels, non-HDL-C levels, and the total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio were positively associated with CV events in the control group, but these relationships were absent in the ER niacin group.
conclusionsBaseline lipoprotein tertiles did not predict differential benefit or harm with ER niacin added to LDL-C-lowering therapy, but a small dyslipidemic subgroup may benefit. ER niacin attenuated expected relationships of lipoprotein risk factors with CV events, raising the possibility that nonlipoprotein actions of niacin could affect risk. (Niacin Plus Statin to Prevent Vascular Events [AIM-HIGH]; NCT00120289).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.