Trial reportCardiovascular diabetology2015

Differential response in levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to one-year metformin treatment in prediabetic patients by race/ethnicity.

Chao Zhang, Feng Gao, Hao Luo, Chun-Ting Zhang, Ren Zhang

Open access · goldFull text readClinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2015. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map: it supports the treatment in 1. Cited by 13 papers.

2numbers the graph read from it
1cell of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
-73.80 · no effect
Lipidsfavours the treatment · against placebo · dyslipidemia, obesityfeeds one cell of the map
reduced -73.8p <0.001
Interestingly, at year one in the placebo group, the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, VLDL and LDL-C were significantly reduced as well, with changes being -9.25 ± 73.84 (p <0.001), -4.04 ± 26.64 (p < 0.001), -1.70 ± 13.97 (p < 0.001) and -2.22 ± 24.67 (p = 0.006), respectively (Table 2).
Lipidsfavours the treatment · against placebo · dyslipidemia, obesityfeeds one cell of the map
decrease -13.5p < 0.001
Likewise, in the placebo group, both LDL B and C subfractions were decreased as well, with changes being -1.15 ± 13.51 (p < 0.001) and -2.65 ± 21.51 (p < 0.001), respectively.

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

Metformin×lipids

SupportsOpen on the map →What to test next →

10 readable studies in this cell: 4 favour the treatment, 5 find no difference, 1 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.50contested · 3 families support, 1 contradict · against placebo
Without it
0.50This paper does not move the number.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
0 · no effect
This paper · 2015
reduced -73.8
NCT00676338820 enrolled · 2008
Δ -0.01-0.18 to 0.15
NCT00386100688 enrolled · 2006
Δ -11.3-20.6 to -0.90
NCT00727857600 enrolled · 2007
Δ 23.4-44.6 to 91.4
NCT00868790118 enrolled · 2009
Δ -3.90-10.2 to 2.30
NCT0158944577 enrolled · 2008
Δ -9.06-88.0 to 118
4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Racial Disparities in Obesity Treatment.Current obesity reports · 2018
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Chao ZhangDivision of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Feng GaoDepartment of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Hao LuoDepartment of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Chun-Ting ZhangDepartment of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Ren ZhangCenter for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. rzhang@med.wayne.edu.
Tianjin University · CNUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Pilot and Feasibility ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 2022 to 2025
$4.9M
NIAAA NIH HHS R03 AA020101NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020572
8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

backgroundAs a first-line diabetes drug that is widely prescribed around the world, metformin has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing microvascular risk, in addition to lowering glucose levels. Specifically, metformin use has been shown to be associated with improved lipid profiles, such as increased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). However, no study has been performed to examine the differential response in HDL-C levels to metformin treatment by race/ethnicity.

methodsHere, based on a re-analysis of the data from the Diabetes Prevention Program, which involved pre-diabetic participants receiving 850 mg of metformin twice daily, we compared the lipid profile changes following the metformin use. The participants were composed of 602 Whites, 221 African Americans (AAs) and 162 Hispanics.

resultsWe found that the one-year metformin treatment resulted in a significant increase in HDL-C levels in Whites (p = 0.002) and AAs (p = 0.016), but not in Hispanics. Consistently, both Whites (p = 0.018) and AAs (p = 0.020) had more pronounced changes in HDL-C levels than Hispanics following metformin treatment.

conclusionThis result suggests a notion that Whites and AAs are more responsive than Hispanics to one-year metformin use in HDL-C level changes, and that racial and ethnic identity is a factor to consider when interpreting the effects of metformin treatment on lipid profiles.

Indexed as

EthnicityAdultBlack or African AmericanCholesterol, HDLCohort StudiesFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMetforminMiddle AgedObesityPrediabetic StateRisk Reduction BehaviorTreatment OutcomeCholesterol, HDLHypoglycemic AgentsMetformin

Identifiers

PMID26068179
PMCPMC4465464
OpenAlexW1500436203

What Socratic holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.