ReviewPostgraduate medicine2015
User's guide to mechanism of action and clinical use of GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Review in Postgraduate medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 59 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Semaglutide 2.4mg for Low Responders After Bariatric Surgery
The Effect of GLP-1 Agonist, SGLT2 Inhibitor and Their Combination on Endothelial Function, Arterial Stiffness and Left Ventricular Deformation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With High Cardiovascular Risk
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Incretin Mimetics in Cardiovascular Outcomes and Other Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors beyond Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus in Nondiabetic Adults with Obesity: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of obese patients with chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The Effectiveness and Safety of Exenatide Versus Metformin in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Pooled it
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor-agonists treatment for cardio-metabolic parameters in schizophrenia patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of beinaglutide combined with metformin versus aspart 30 with metformin on metabolic profiles and antidrug antibodies in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Trial
- Outcomes of Body Contouring Surgery After Bariatric Surgery vs. GLP-1 Receptor Agonist-Induced Weight Loss: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Clinical Efficacy of a Flavo-Proxylane Topical Regimen Pre- and Post-ultrasound Procedure for Subjects Undergoing Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist Therapy.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Article
- Effect of Tirzepatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2026Review
- Metabolic Dysregulation in Laminopathies: Implications for Heart Failure and Cardiac Health.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Beyond glycemic control: Sex differences shaping glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist utilization in the United States.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1: The Role of Calcium in Gut-Glucose Axis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- The association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based case-control study.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2026Article
- Risk of Suicide, Hair Loss, and Aspiration with GLP1-Receptor Agonists and Other Diabetic Agents: A Real-World Pharmacovigilance Study.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2025Article
- Severe Adverse Effects of Tirzepatide Overdose Requiring Intensive Care Unit Admission and Complex Rehabilitation.Cureus · 2025Article
- GLP-1 receptor agonists: emerging therapeutic potential in psoriasis management - current evidence and future outlook.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Unravelling the role of natural herbs for the management of diabetes mellitus.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Efficacy of lifestyle modification combined with GLP-1 receptor agonists on body weight and cardiometabolic biomarkers in individuals with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Translating Guidelines into Practice: A Prospective Real-World Study of a Romanian Cohort Treated with GLP-1 RAs.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Genetically proxied glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor perturbation and risk of mood disorders: a Mendelian randomization study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Evaluating the potential of metabolic drugs in obstructive sleep apnea and obesity: a narrative review.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are injectable glucose-lowering medications approved for the treatment of adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This article provides practical information to guide primary care physicians on the use of GLP-1RAs in patients with T2DM. Two short-acting (once- or twice-daily administration; exenatide and liraglutide) and three long-acting (weekly administration; albiglutide, dulaglutide and exenatide) GLP-1RAs are currently approved in the US. These drugs provide levels of GLP-1 receptor agonism many times that of endogenous GLP-1. The GLP-1RAs have been shown to significantly improve glycemic parameters and reduce body weight. These agents work by activating GLP-1 receptors in the pancreas, which leads to enhanced insulin release and reduced glucagon release-responses that are both glucose-dependent-with a consequent low risk for hypoglycemia. Effects on GLP-1 receptors in the CNS and the gastrointestinal tract cause reduced appetite and delayed glucose absorption due to slower gastric emptying. The most common adverse effects are gastrointestinal, which are transient and less common with the long-acting drugs. GLP-1RAs are recommended as second-line therapy in combination with metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones or basal insulin, providing a means of enhancing glucose control while offsetting the weight gain associated with insulin and some oral agents. GLP-1RAs represent a useful tool that the primary care physician can use to help patients with T2DM achieve their therapeutic goals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.