SynthesisJournal of the American Heart Association2017
Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransport-2 Inhibitors on Blood Pressure in People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 43 Randomized Control Trials With 22 528 Patients.
Synthesis in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017. The graph read 5 numbers from its abstract, feeding 3 cells of the map: it supports the treatment in 2, finds no clear difference in 1. It is linked to trial NCT05556291 (Efficacy, Safety & Tolerability of Combination of Ertugliflozin and Sitagliptin in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus), which is not on this map. Cited by 143 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
In these subjects the weighted mean difference effects on serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were -2.08 mg/dL (95% CI -2.51 to -1.64) and 0.77 mg/dL (95% CI 0.33-1.21), respectively.
In these subjects the weighted mean difference effects on serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were -2.08 mg/dL (95% CI -2.51 to -1.64) and 0.77 mg/dL (95% CI 0.33-1.21), respectively.
The weighted mean differences for the effect of SGLT2 on body weight was -1.88 kg (95% CI -2.11 to -1.66) across all studies.
The meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction in systolic BP following treatment with SGLT2 (weighted mean difference -2.46 mm Hg [95% CI -2.86 to -2.06]).
The weighted mean differences for the effect on diastolic BP was -1.46 mm Hg (95% CI -1.82 to -1.09).
clause the extractor read what became the number
Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
SGLT2 inhibitors×lipids
InconclusiveOpen on the map →What to test next →9 readable studies in this cell: 3 favour the treatment, 6 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
SGLT2 inhibitors×blood pressure
SupportsOpen on the map →What to test next →38 readable studies in this cell: 24 favour the treatment, 14 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
SGLT2 inhibitors×body weight & composition
SupportsOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 62 favour the treatment, 9 find no difference, 2 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy, Safety & Tolerability of Combination of Ertugliflozin and Sitagliptin in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Who cites it
143 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 346 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential use of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors during acute illness: a systematic review based on COVID-19.Endocrine · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor on Recurrence After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Diabetes: A Propensity-Score Matching Study and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on blood pressure in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Hemoglobin A1c Reduction or Weight Reduction on Blood Pressure in Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists as add-on to SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2019Pooled it
- Ambulatory Blood Pressure Reduction With SGLT-2 Inhibitors: Dose-Response Meta-analysis and Comparative Evaluation With Low-Dose Hydrochlorothiazide.Diabetes care · 2019Pooled it
- Efficacy of luseogliflozin for renal function preservation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired renal function: A randomized open-label clinical trial (RESOLUTION study).Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Trial
- Blood pressure reduction with empagliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: a post-hoc sub-analysis of the placebo-controlled randomized EMBLEM trial.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Trial
- Ipragliflozin and sitagliptin differentially affect lipid and apolipoprotein profiles in type 2 diabetes: the SUCRE study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Trial
- Long-term effects of ipragliflozin on blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes: insights from the randomized PROTECT trial.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Trial
- Empagliflozin Supplementation in Cardioplegic Solution Improves Donor Heart Preservation by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Article
- The SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin alleviates ventricular remodeling and apoptosis after myocardial infarction by inhibiting the TGF-β1 and MAPK pathways.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Promise.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Review
- Management of Hypertension in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Antihypertensive therapy in diabetes mellitus: efficacy, safety, and metabolic impacts in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2026Review
- Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients Without Antihypertensive Treatment: A Real-World Data Analysis.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Article
- GSTP1-Mediated Inhibition of Rac1-Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling Underlies the Renoprotective Effect of Huangqi Tujian Decoction in Diabetic Nephropathy.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Article
- SGLT2 inhibitor role in cardio-metabolic-renal diseases: a narrative review of recent evidence and their pharmacological, clinical and economic implications.Drugs in context · 2026Review
83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
backgroundThe sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of oral hypoglycemic agents. We undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies to determine the effect of SGLT2 on blood pressure (BP) among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS AND
resultsPubMed-Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Database, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify trial registries evaluating the impact of SGLT2 on BP. Random-effects models meta-analysis was used for quantitative data synthesis. The meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction in systolic BP following treatment with SGLT2 (weighted mean difference -2.46 mm Hg [95% CI -2.86 to -2.06]). The weighted mean differences for the effect on diastolic BP was -1.46 mm Hg (95% CI -1.82 to -1.09). In these subjects the weighted mean difference effects on serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were -2.08 mg/dL (95% CI -2.51 to -1.64) and 0.77 mg/dL (95% CI 0.33-1.21), respectively. The weighted mean differences for the effect of SGLT2 on body weight was -1.88 kg (95% CI -2.11 to -1.66) across all studies. These findings were robust in sensitivity analyses.
conclusionsTreatment with SGLT2 glucose cotransporter inhibitors therefore has beneficial off-target effects on BP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and may also be of value in improving other cardiometabolic parameters including lipid profile and body weight in addition to their expected effects on glycemic control. However, our findings should be interpreted with consideration for the moderate statistical heterogeneity across the included studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.