Evidence map›Statins × pharmacokinetics & dosing›PMID 30045255›Full record

SynthesisMedicine2018

Statins use and risk of dementia: A dose-response meta analysis.

Xiaoyu Zhang, Jianzhong Wen, Zhiqiang Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Medicine, 2018. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. It also reports 2 associations that do not count as treatment evidence, such as RR 0.89 (0.83 to 0.96) for pharmacokinetics & dosing. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

2numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against

Pharmacokinetics & dosingan association or prognostic statement, not a treatment comparison · ascvdfeeds one cell of the map
RR 0.890.83 to 0.96
In addition, a dose-response showed per 1 year of duration of statins use incremental increase was associated with 20% dementia risk decrement (RR: 0.80; 95% CI, 0.73-0.87), and per 5-mg mean daily dose incremental increase in statins use was associated with 11% dementia risk decrement (RR: 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.96).
FeedsStatins×pharmacokinetics & dosing
Pharmacokinetics & dosingan association or prognostic statement, not a treatment comparison · ascvdfeeds one cell of the map
RR 0.800.73 to 0.87
In addition, a dose-response showed per 1 year of duration of statins use incremental increase was associated with 20% dementia risk decrement (RR: 0.80; 95% CI, 0.73-0.87), and per 5-mg mean daily dose incremental increase in statins use was associated with 11% dementia risk decrement (RR: 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.96).
FeedsStatins×pharmacokinetics & dosing

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

Statins×pharmacokinetics & dosing

No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →

2 readable studies in this cell: 0 favour the treatment, 2 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.00contested · 0 families support, 1 contradict · against placebo
Without itNot a counted family in this claim, so removing it changes nothing.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
1 · no effect
NCT00943124220 enrolled · 2007
Least-Squares Mean Ratio 0.970.93 to 1.00

This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.

4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia: Prevention, treatments, mechanisms and management options for the future.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  6. Updates on vascular dementia.Stroke and vascular neurology · 2025
    Review
  7. A Deep Subgrouping Framework for Precision Drug Repurposing via Emulating Clinical Trials on Real-world Patient Data.KDD : proceedings. International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xiaoyu ZhangDepartment of General Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University School of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Boai Hospital, Beijing Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Department of Community Chronic Disease Research Center, Institute of Chinese Basic Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Jianzhong Wen
Zhiqiang Zhang
China Rehabilitation Research Center · CNShanxi Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

Previous studies have indicated that statins use is associated with risk of dementia, but presented controversial results. Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database were searched update to November 2017 to identify the potential relationship between statins use and dementia. Thirty-one eligible studies involving a total of 3332,706 participants with 184,666 incident cases were included in this meta-analysis. Statins use was associated with dementia risk decrement (relevant risk [RR]: 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80-0.89). Subgroup analysis showed statins use was associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) (RR: 0.81; 95% CI, 0.73-0.89) and non-AD dementia (RR: 0.81; 95% CI, 0.73-0.89) risk decrement. Furthermore, statins use was associated with dementia risk decrement in female (RR: 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80-0.98) and male (RR: 0.88; 95% CI, 0.83-0.93). In addition, a dose-response showed per 1 year of duration of statins use incremental increase was associated with 20% dementia risk decrement (RR: 0.80; 95% CI, 0.73-0.87), and per 5-mg mean daily dose incremental increase in statins use was associated with 11% dementia risk decrement (RR: 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.96). Statins use was associated with dementia risk decrement. The potency and the cumulative duration of statin utilized played critical roles.

Indexed as

Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsCardiovascular DiseasesDementiaDose-Response Relationship, DrugHumansRisk AssessmentHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID30045255
PMCPMC6078755
OpenAlexW2883560037

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.