ArticleCirculation2018
Metformin Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Vascular Health in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Article in Circulation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT01808690. Cited by 90 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Metformin on Cardiovascular Function in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Open the trial in the graphTime Limited Eating in New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Effect on β-cell Function
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of integrative therapies on glycemic control in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and global research landscape.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Pooled it
- Metformin in non-diabetic patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents on Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease and/or Diabetes-A Systematic Review.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of variable-dose metformin as adjunctive therapy to insulin in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Pooled it
- An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of Metformin as Add-on Therapy to Insulin in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of first-line antidiabetic drugs on the improvement of arterial stiffness: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes · 2023Pooled it
- Interventions to Decrease Carotid-Intima Media Thickness in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2022Pooled it
- Effect and Safety of Adding Metformin to Insulin Therapy in Treating Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Meta-Analysis of 10 Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of metformin on insulin resistance in adults with type 1 diabetes: a 26-week randomized double-blind clinical trial.Nature communications · 2025 · on this mapTrial
- Bromocriptine Improves Central Aortic Stiffness in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Arterial Health Results From the BCQR-T1D Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2023Trial
- Bromocriptine quick-release as adjunct therapy in youth and adults with type 1 diabetes: A randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Trial
- Metformin Therapy in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Feasibility Study.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2022Trial
- Effect of metformin on the high-density lipoprotein proteome in youth with type 1 diabetes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Two-Year Treatment With Metformin During Puberty Does Not Preserve β-Cell Function in Youth With Obesity.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- Results from the Effects of MEtformin on cardiovasculaR function in AdoLescents with type 1 Diabetes (EMERALD) study: A brief report of kidney and inflammatory outcomes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Assessment of cognitive and neural recovery in survivors of pediatric brain tumors in a pilot clinical trial using metformin.Nature medicine · 2020Trial
- Effects of Metformin Added to Insulin in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: An Exploratory Crossover Randomized Trial.Journal of diabetes research · 2020Trial
- Metformin Improves Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2019Trial
- Serum uromodulin inversely associates with aortic stiffness in youth with type 1 diabetes: A brief report from EMERALD study.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2019Trial
- Cardiometabolic risk factors, peripheral arterial tonometry and metformin in adults with type 1 diabetes participating in the REducing with MetfOrmin Vascular Adverse Lesions trial.Diabetes & vascular disease researchTrial
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and relates strongly to insulin resistance (IR). Lean and obese adolescents with T1DM have marked IR. Metformin improves surrogate markers of IR in T1DM, but its effect on directly measured IR and vascular health in youth with T1DM is unclear. We hypothesized that adolescents with T1DM have impaired vascular function and that metformin improves this IR and vascular dysfunction.
methodsAdolescents with T1DM and control participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the ascending (AA) and descending aorta to assess pulse wave velocity, relative area change, and maximal (WSS
resultsForty-eight adolescents with T1DM who were 12 to 21 years of age (40% body mass index [BMI] ≥90th percentile; 56% female) and 24 nondiabetic control participants of similar age, BMI, and sex distribution were enrolled. Adolescents with T1DM demonstrated impaired aortic health compared with control participants, including elevated AA and descending aorta pulse wave velocity, reduced AA and descending aorta relative area change, and elevated AA and descending aorta WSS
conclusionsAdolescents with T1DM demonstrate IR and impaired vascular health compared with control participants. Metformin improves IR, regardless of baseline BMI, and BMI, weight, fat mass, insulin dose, and aortic and carotid health in adolescents with T1DM. Metformin may hold promise as a cardioprotective intervention in T1DM. CLINICAL
trial registrationURL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01808690.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.