Trial reportDiabetes care2019
Association of Insulin Dose, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes During 30 Years of Follow-up in the DCCT/EDIC Study.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive Factors for Predicting the Complications of DiabetesMellitus: A Systematic Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of metformin on insulin resistance in adults with type 1 diabetes: a 26-week randomized double-blind clinical trial.Nature communications · 2025 · on this mapTrial
- Effects of empagliflozin on insulin initiation or intensification in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Findings from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Understanding the Increasing Prevalence of Obesity in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: Strategies for Improving Clinical Care.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Review
- Can a vegan diet help people with type 1 diabetes save on insulin? A secondary analysis of a 12-Week randomized clinical trial.BMC nutrition · 2025Article
- Screen Time Is Associated With Cardiometabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Childhood and Adolescence.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- "Hyperglycemic Memory": Observational Evidence to Experimental Inference.Current diabetes reviews · 2025Review
- Glucose Variability in People with Type 1 Diabetes: Associations with Body Weight, Body Composition, and Insulin Sensitivity.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Effect of a Dietary Intervention on Insulin Requirements and Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes: A 12-Week Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2024Article
- Day-to-day fasting plasma glucose variability on the short-term prognosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A retrospective cohort study.Clinical cardiology · 2022Article
- Prospective Open-Label, Single-Arm, Single-Center Follow-Up Study of the Application of the Advanced Hybrid Closed Loop System in Well-Controlled Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2022Article
- Formation of Self-Assembled Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles and Absorption Enhancement of Ω-3s by Phospholipids and Oleic Acids.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Article
- Cardiovascular disease in diabetes, beyond glucose.Cell metabolism · 2021Review
- Discoveries from the study of longstanding type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2021Review
- Mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy and potential therapeutic strategies: preclinical and clinical evidence.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2020Review
- Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: Findings from Prospective Real-life T1D Exchange Registry.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Observational
- DNA methylation age calculators reveal association with diabetic neuropathy in type 1 diabetes.Clinical epigenetics · 2020Article
- Echocardiographic parameters according to insulin dose in young patients affected by type 1 diabetes.PloS one · 2020Observational
- Application of Artificial Intelligence in Diabetes Education and Management: Present Status and Promising Prospect.Frontiers in public health · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study demonstrated the beneficial effects of intensive therapy on atherosclerosis and clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. The current analyses evaluated the relationship between longitudinal changes in insulin dose and CVD risk factors and outcomes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsA total of 1,441 participants were randomly assigned to intensive or conventional diabetes therapy during the DCCT. After an average of 6.5 years of follow-up, 96% of the surviving cohort enrolled in the EDIC observational study, which included annual visits with detailed medical history, physical examination, and laboratory testing. CVD events were adjudicated by a review committee. Generalized linear mixed models and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between insulin dose and cardiometabolic risk factors and CVD risk, respectively, over a total of 30 years.
resultsHigher insulin doses were significantly associated with a less favorable cardiometabolic risk profile (higher BMI, pulse rate, and triglycerides and lower HDL cholesterol) with the exception of lower diastolic blood pressure and lower LDL cholesterol. In a minimally adjusted model, a 0.1 unit/kg body wt/day increase in insulin dose was associated with a 6% increased risk of any CVD (95% CI 3, 9). However, the association with insulin dose was no longer significant after adjustment for other CVD risk factors.
conclusionsDuring DCCT/EDIC, higher insulin doses were associated with adverse trends in several cardiometabolic risk factors, even after multivariable adjustment, but not with incident CVD outcomes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.