Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30833170›Full record

Trial reportThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology2019

Semaglutide once weekly as add-on to SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy in type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 9): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Bernard Zinman, Vaishali Bhosekar, Robert Busch, Ingrid Holst, Bernhard Ludvik, Desirée Thielke, James Thrasher, Vincent Woo, Athena Philis-Tsimikas

Erratum issued 2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It reports registered trial NCT03086330. Cited by 178 papers, 26 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
178citing papers in PubMed, 26 pooled it
25.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03086330 phase3completed

Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide Once-weekly Versus Placebo as add-on to SGLT-2i in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. A 30-week Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial

Ran2017Enrolled302Registered outcomes58Posted comparisons2ConditionsDiabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsPlacebo, semaglutide
Open the trial in the graph
NCT06894784 phase3recruitingstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Semaglutide And Empagliflozin Combination Therapy Added To Automated Insulin Delivery In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes (SEMPA)

Ran2025Enrolled36Registered outcomes13Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Type 1ArmsIntervention Period 1: Semaglutide + Empagliflozin, Intervention Period 2: Semaglutide + Empagliflozin Placebo, Intervention Period 3: Semaglutide Placebo + Empagliflozin, Intervention Period 4: Semaglutide Placebo + Empagliflozin Placebo
PMID 20616619PMID 36942888PMID 31539622PMID 29246950PMID 27295427PMID 28854085PMID 25388240PMID 24947583PMID 27633186PMID 29397376PMID 10233049PMID 19925391other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

178 citing papers in PubMed, 26 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 348 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Meta-analysis of the Effect of Semaglutide on Blood Pressure in Obese Populations.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2025 · on this map
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  20. American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022
    Guideline

118 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.

Bernard ZinmanMount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: zinman@lunenfeld.ca.
Vaishali BhosekarNovo Nordisk, Bengaluru, India.
Robert BuschAlbany Medical Center Division of Community Endocrinology, Albany, NY, USA.
Ingrid HolstNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
Bernhard Ludvik1st Medical Department and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Rudolfstiftung Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Desirée ThielkeNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
James ThrasherMedical Investigations, Inc, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Vincent WooUniversity of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Athena Philis-TsimikasScripps Whittier Diabetes Institute, San Diego, CA, USA.
Novo Nordisk (Denmark) · DKAlbany Medical Center Hospital · USIntuitive Surgical (United States) · USMount Sinai Hospital · CANovo Nordisk (India) · INScripps Whittier Diabetes Institute · USUniversity of Manitoba · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSemaglutide is a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue for type 2 diabetes. Few clinical trials have reported on the concomitant use of GLP-1 receptor agonists with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of semaglutide when added to SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes.

methodsThe SUSTAIN 9 double-blind, parallel-group trial was done at 61 centres in six countries (Austria, Canada, Japan, Norway, Russia, and the USA). Adults with type 2 diabetes and HbA

findingsBetween March 15, and Dec 4, 2017, 302 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive semaglutide 1·0 mg or placebo (full analysis set), of whom 301 received at least one dose of treatment (safety analysis set). One patient was assigned to semaglutide but was not treated (reason unknown). 294 (97·4%) patients completed the trial and 267 (88·4%) completed treatment. Baseline characteristics were generally comparable between groups. In addition to randomised medication and SGLT-2 inhibitor, 216 (71·5%) patients were taking metformin and 39 (12·9%) were taking sulphonylurea. Patients given semaglutide had greater reductions in HbA

interpretationAdding semaglutide to SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy significantly improves glycaemic control and reduces bodyweight in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes, and is generally well tolerated.

fundingNovo Nordisk.

Indexed as

AdultAgedDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Double-Blind MethodDrug Administration ScheduleDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleGlucagon-Like PeptidesHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedPlacebosSemaglutideSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsTreatment OutcomeGlucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsPlacebosSemaglutideSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID30833170
OpenAlexW2918407168

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.