Trial reportThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2019
Overeating Saturated Fat Promotes Fatty Liver and Ceramides Compared With Polyunsaturated Fat: A Randomized Trial.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 126 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
126 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 217 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Lifestyle Modification on Intrapancreatic Fat Deposition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current obesity reports · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Effects of an anti-lipogenic low-carbohydrate high polyunsaturated fat diet or a healthy Nordic diet versus usual care on liver fat and cardiometabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes or prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial (NAFLDiet).Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Lipidome changes due to improved dietary fat quality inform cardiometabolic risk reduction and precision nutrition.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- The effects of long-term almond consumption on whole-body insulin sensitivity, postprandial glucose responses, and 48 h continuous glucose concentrations in males and females with prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- Replacement of dietary saturated with unsaturated fatty acids is associated with beneficial effects on lipidome metabolites: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Trial
- Trial
- An extra virgin olive oil-enriched chocolate spread positively modulates insulin-resistance markers compared with a palm oil-enriched one in healthy young adults: A double-blind, cross-over, randomised controlled trial.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2022Trial
- Intrahepatic Fat and Postprandial Glycemia Increase After Consumption of a Diet Enriched in Saturated Fat Compared With Free Sugars.Diabetes care · 2020Trial
- An Isocaloric Nordic Diet ModulatesNutrients · 2019Trial
- Overeating Saturated Fat Promotes Fatty Liver and Ceramides Compared With Polyunsaturated Fat: A Randomized Trial.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2019Trial
- Therapeutic effect and autophagy regulation of myriocin in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Lipids in health and disease · 2019Trial
- Targeted metabolomics identifies associations of plasma ceramides and their ratios with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus.Acta diabetologica · 2026Article
- Review
- Physiologically relevant media are associated with overlapping metabolic responses in primary human hepatocytes and Huh7 cells.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Relationship between dietary diversity and periodontitis: analysis of NHANES 2003-2014.Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Circulating ceramides and sphingomyelins: key biomarkers and targets in cardiovascular prevention.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Ceramides and Type 2 Diabetes: A Scoping Review of Mechanisms, Insulin Resistance, and Nutritional Interventions.Cureus · 2026Review
- Article
66 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextSaturated fatty acid (SFA) vs polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) may promote nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by yet unclear mechanisms.
objectiveTo investigate if overeating SFA- and PUFA-enriched diets lead to differential liver fat accumulation in overweight and obese humans.
designDouble-blind randomized trial (LIPOGAIN-2). Overfeeding SFA vs PUFA for 8 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of caloric restriction.
settingGeneral community.
participantsMen and women who are overweight or have obesity (n = 61).
interventionMuffins, high in either palm (SFA) or sunflower oil (PUFA), were added to the habitual diet.
main outcome measuresLean tissue mass (not reported here). Secondary and exploratory outcomes included liver and ectopic fat depots.
resultsBy design, body weight gain was similar in SFA (2.31 ± 1.38 kg) and PUFA (2.01 ± 1.90 kg) groups, P = 0.50. SFA markedly induced liver fat content (50% relative increase) along with liver enzymes and atherogenic serum lipids. In contrast, despite similar weight gain, PUFA did not increase liver fat or liver enzymes or cause any adverse effects on blood lipids. SFA had no differential effect on the accumulation of visceral fat, pancreas fat, or total body fat compared with PUFA. SFA consistently increased, whereas PUFA reduced circulating ceramides, changes that were moderately associated with liver fat changes and proposed markers of hepatic lipogenesis. The adverse metabolic effects of SFA were reversed by calorie restriction.
conclusionsSFA markedly induces liver fat and serum ceramides, whereas dietary PUFA prevents liver fat accumulation and reduces ceramides and hyperlipidemia during excess energy intake and weight gain in overweight individuals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.