Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2021
Empagliflozin treatment effects across categories of baseline HbA1c, body weight and blood pressure as an add-on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing SGLT2i and Other Oral Antidiabetic Drugs as Dual Therapy Add-On to Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Relationship Between SGLT-2i and Ocular Diseases in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022 · on this mapPooled it
- Efficacy and safety of combining empagliflozin in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus uncontrolled with metformin and sitagliptin: A randomised, double-blind, multicentre, therapeutic confirmatory phase 3 clinical trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026 · on this mapTrial
- Empagliflozin treatment effects across categories of baseline HbA1c, body weight and blood pressure as an add-on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Cost-Effectiveness of Highly Effective Glucose-Lowering Agents: Do Current Practices Optimize Clinical and Economic Outcomes?Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026Article
- SGLT-2i-A Useful Tool for Real-Life Metabolic and Body Weight Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Empagliflozin-based quadruple oral therapy for type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effect of empagliflozin on weight in patients with prediabetes and diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors: a pleiotropic drug in humans with promising results in cats.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Review
- Applications of SGLT2 inhibitors beyond glycaemic control.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Retrospective analysis of the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes in the real world.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Treatment effect heterogeneity following type 2 diabetes treatment with GLP1-receptor agonists and SGLT2-inhibitors: a systematic review.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- A Comparison of the Effects of Empagliflozin and Sitagliptin, When Combined With Metformin, on Lipid Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Clinical Investigation.Cureus · 2023 · on this mapArticle
- Precision medicine in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of treatment effect heterogeneity for GLP1-receptor agonists and SGLT2-inhibitors.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- A Comprehensive Review on Weight Loss Associated with Anti-Diabetic Medications.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Clinical Benefit of Switching from Low-Dose to High-Dose Empagliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo investigate the association of different categories of baseline cardio-metabolic risk factors on the treatment effects of empagliflozin 10 and 25 mg when added as second-line therapy to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND
methodsPatients aged 18 years or older with HbA1c 7.0%-10.0% were included. Analysis of covariance compared change from baseline to weeks 24 and 76 in HbA1c, body weight (BW) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) by respective baseline categories (HbA1c <8.5/≥8.5%; BW <80/80-90/>90 kg, SBP <130/130-140/>140 mmHg). Analyses were also conducted with a model using continuous covariates of cardio-metabolic factors.
resultsIn total, 637 patients (56.7% males; mean [SD] age 55.7 [9.9] years, HbA1c 7.9% [0.9%], BW 81.2 [18.8] kg, SBP 129.4 [14.6] mmHg) received one or more dose of either empagliflozin 10 mg (n = 217) or 25 mg (n = 213), or placebo (n = 207). At both time points, empagliflozin 10/25 mg versus placebo significantly (P < .0001) reduced HbA1c and BW, with greater reductions in HbA1c at higher baseline HbA1c (P interaction week 24/76 categorical and continuous models: .0290/.1431 and .0004/.0042, respectively) and in BW (P interaction .1340/.0012 and .0202/<.0001, respectively). Both empagliflozin doses also significantly lowered SBP versus placebo at both time points, with similar efficacy by subgroups of baseline SBP. Adverse events were consistent with the established empagliflozin safety profile across treatment groups.
conclusionsEmpagliflozin, as add-on to metformin, decreases HbA1c and BW, particularly in patients with higher HbA1c and BW baseline values, and effectively lowers SBP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.