Trial reportObesity facts2020

Effects of Dietary Self-Monitoring, Physical Activity, Liraglutide 3.0 mg, and Placebo on Weight Loss in the SCALE IBT Trial.

Jena S Tronieri, Anthony N Fabricatore, Thomas A Wadden, Pernille Auerbach, Lars Endahl, Danny Sugimoto, Domenica Rubino

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Obesity facts, 2020. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 2 cells of the map: it favours the comparator in 1. Cited by 12 papers.

2numbers the graph read from it
1cell of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

← favours the comparatorfavours the treatment →
-10.20 · no effect
Quality of life & behaviourfavours the comparator · against placebo · obesityfeeds one cell of the map
weight loss -6.50-10.2 to -2.90p = 0.0005
Complete adherence to liraglutide predicted an additional weight loss of -6.5% (95% CI -10.2 to -2.9; p = 0.0005) relative to individuals who did not adhere to the medication regimen, while adherence to placebo did not have a statistically significant effect on weight loss (p = 0.33).

Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against

Quality of life & behaviourcomparator not stated · obesityfeeds one cell of the map
change -7.20-10.4 to -4.00p < 0.0001
Compared with non-adherence, complete adherence to dietary self-monitoring and physical activity recommendations were associated with estimated weight changes of -7.2% (95% CI -10.4 to -4.0; p < 0.0001) and -2.0% (95% CI -3.2 to -0.8; p = 0.0009), respectively.

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

GLP-1 receptor agonists×quality of life & behaviour

ContradictsOpen on the map →What to test next →

14 readable studies in this cell: 4 favour the treatment, 6 find no difference, 4 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.44contested · 4 families support, 5 contradict · against placebo
Without it
0.50This paper moves it by −0.06.
← favours the comparatorfavours the treatment →
0 · no effect
This paper · 2020
weight loss -6.50-10.2 to -2.90
NCT017204463,297 enrolled · 2013
Δ 0.50-0.48 to 1.47
NCT039879191,879 enrolled · 2019
Δ -0.24-0.50 to 0.03
NCT02963935282 enrolled · 2017
Δ 0.16-1.19 to 1.52
NCT05564039282 enrolled · 2022
Δ 4.10-1.00 to 9.20
improved 2.001.52 to 5.98
NCT03951753117 enrolled · 2019
Δ -246-358 to -133
NCT04311411114 enrolled · 2020
Δ 6.63-1.53 to 14.8
NCT04019197108 enrolled · 2019
β coefficient 420-1012 to 1852
NCT0304179261 enrolled · 2017
Δ -236-322 to -149

Diet, exercise & lifestyle×quality of life & behaviour

No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →

No other readable study in this cell yet. This paper is the evidence.

Belief with this paperNo claim has been compiled for this cell yet.
4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Adherence to Behavioral Weight Management: A Scoping Review of Definitions, Measurement, and Components.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
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  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Jena S TronieriDepartment of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, jena.tronieri@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.
Anthony N FabricatoreNovo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA.
Thomas A WaddenDepartment of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Pernille AuerbachNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
Lars EndahlNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
Danny SugimotoCedar Crosse Research Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Domenica RubinoWashington Center for Weight Management and Research, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
Novo Nordisk (Denmark) · DKUniversity of Pennsylvania · USNovo Nordisk (United States) · USWashington Center for Weight Management and Research · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

introductionIndividuals who enroll in intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) programs are asked to make several lifestyle changes simultaneously. However, few studies have examined the relative effects of adherence to different treatment components on weight loss.

objectiveThis secondary analysis of the SCALE IBT trial assessed adherence to the medication regimen, dietary self-monitoring, and physical activity recommendations and their relative contributions to weight change in individuals with obesity who were provided with IBT combined with either liraglutide 3.0 mg or placebo.

methodsSCALE IBT was a double-blinded, multicenter, randomized controlled trial comparing 56-week weight losses in individuals with obesity who received liraglutide 3.0 mg (n = 142) or placebo (n = 140), as an adjunct to IBT. Adherence to dietary self-monitoring, physical activity, and medication usage (liraglutide or placebo) were measured during the 56-week treatment period. A regression model was used to estimate the relative contribution of adherence to each treatment component to weight loss at week 56.

resultsThe proportion of individuals who adhered to each intervention component decreased over time. Compared with non-adherence, complete adherence to dietary self-monitoring and physical activity recommendations were associated with estimated weight changes of -7.2% (95% CI -10.4 to -4.0; p < 0.0001) and -2.0% (95% CI -3.2 to -0.8; p = 0.0009), respectively. Complete adherence to liraglutide predicted an additional weight loss of -6.5% (95% CI -10.2 to -2.9; p = 0.0005) relative to individuals who did not adhere to the medication regimen, while adherence to placebo did not have a statistically significant effect on weight loss (p = 0.33).

conclusionsHigh adherence to dietary self-monitoring and use of liraglutide 3.0 mg was associated with clinically relevant weight loss with IBT and adjunctive pharmacotherapy. The effect of adherence to physical activity was significant but smaller.

Indexed as

DietExerciseAnti-Obesity AgentsBehavior TherapyDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansLife StyleLiraglutideMaleMiddle AgedObesityWeight LossAnti-Obesity AgentsLiraglutideAdherenceDietExerciseLiraglutideWeight loss

Identifiers

PMID33197917
PMCPMC7802504
OpenAlexW3104200741

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.