Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35441470›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2022

Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: The STEP 1 trial extension.

John P H Wilding, Rachel L Batterham, Melanie Davies, Luc F Van Gaal, Kristian Kandler, Katerina Konakli, Ildiko Lingvay, Barbara M McGowan, Tugce Kalayci Oral, Julio Rosenstock and 5 more

4 registry-linked trialsFull text readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT03548935. Cited by 554 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
554citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03548935 phase3completed

Effect and Safety of Semaglutide 2.4 mg Once-weekly in Subjects With Overweight or Obesity

Ran2018Enrolled1,961Registered outcomes42Posted comparisons4ConditionsMetabolism and Nutrition Disorder, Overweight or ObesityArmsPlacebo (semaglutide), semaglutide
PMID 33567185PMID 32441473other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT07513168 phase4recruitingstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Semaglutide for Weight Loss and Cardiometabolic Improvement in Obese Pakistani Adults Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Single-Arm Open-Label Single-Center Trial

Ran2025Enrolled60Registered outcomes6Posted comparisons0ConditionsCardiometabolic Risk Factors, Obesity, Weight ReductionArmsLocally available low-dose semaglutide (0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg)
PMID 33755728PMID 33625476PMID 38679221PMID 36216945PMID 33977495PMID 31689026PMID 36254579PMID 36578889PMID 38015216PMID 38017205PMID 40196933PMID 38976257other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT06734312 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Gastric Fundal Mucosal Ablation for Weight Management in Patients Stopping Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists

TypeinterventionalSponsorDr. Christopher McGowanRan2025 to 2026Enrolled20ConditionsObesity and Obesity-related Medical Conditions, Obesity and Overweight, Obesity Prevention, Obesity RecidivismArmsGastric Fundal Mucosal Ablation (GFMA)
NCT07539766 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

OBESE-HFpEF: Prevalence and Mediators of Heart Failure (Preserved Ejection Fraction) in the Dutch Obesity Clinic South - Towards Preventing Obesity Related HFpEF''

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorZuyderland Medisch CentrumRan2025 to 2029Enrolled250ConditionsHeart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction, Obesity (Disorder), Heart Failure
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

554 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  10. Oral semaglutide for weight loss and liver fibrosis in overweight and obesity: A randomized controlled trial.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026
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494 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

John P H WildingDepartment of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2839-8404
Rachel L BatterhamUniversity College London Centre for Obesity Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5477-8585
Melanie DaviesDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9987-9371
Luc F Van GaalDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Kristian KandlerNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-0686-0549
Katerina KonakliNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-8249-4662
Ildiko LingvayDepartments of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology and Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7006-7401
Barbara M McGowanDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Tugce Kalayci OralNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-3227-7429
Julio RosenstockDallas Diabetes Research Center at Medical City, Dallas, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8324-3275
Thomas A WaddenDepartment of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0438-4609
Sean WhartonYork University, McMaster University and Wharton Weight Management Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0111-1530
Koutaro YokoteDepartment of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University and Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
Robert F KushnerDivision of Endocrinology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1380-3705
STEP 1 Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo explore changes in body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors after treatment withdrawal in the STEP 1 trial extension. MATERIALS AND

methodsSTEP 1 (NCT03548935) randomized 1961 adults with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m

resultsExtension analyses included 327 participants. From week 0 to week 68, mean weight loss was 17.3% (SD: 9.3%) with semaglutide and 2.0% (SD: 6.1%) with placebo. Following treatment withdrawal, semaglutide and placebo participants regained 11.6 (SD: 7.7) and 1.9 (SD: 4.8) percentage points of lost weight, respectively, by week 120, resulting in net losses of 5.6% (SD: 8.9%) and 0.1% (SD: 5.8%), respectively, from week 0 to week 120. Cardiometabolic improvements seen from week 0 to week 68 with semaglutide reverted towards baseline at week 120 for most variables.

conclusionsOne year after withdrawal of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg and lifestyle intervention, participants regained two-thirds of their prior weight loss, with similar changes in cardiometabolic variables. Findings confirm the chronicity of obesity and suggest ongoing treatment is required to maintain improvements in weight and health.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesGlucagon-Like PeptidesWeight GainAdultDiabetes MellitusHumansSemaglutideGlucagon-Like PeptidesSemaglutideantiobesity drugclinical trialGLP-1 analogueobesity therapyphase III studyweight control

Identifiers

PMID35441470
PMCPMC9542252

What Socratic holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.