Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35614469›Full record

ReviewCardiovascular diabetology2022

The current role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus management.

Bo Xu, Shaoqian Li, Bo Kang, Jiecan Zhou

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
22.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.

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34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Bo XuThe First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Shaoqian LiThe First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Bo KangThe First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Jiecan ZhouThe First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. zhoujiecan@fsyy.usc.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-3037-3997
University of South China · CNFirst Affiliated Hospital of University of South China · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, complex metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia causing from insufficient insulin signaling because of insulin resistance or defective insulin secretion, and may induce severe complications and premature death. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are oral drugs used to reduce hyperglycemia in patients with T2DM, including empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, dapagliflozin and canagliflozin. The primary objective of this article is to examine the clinical benefit, safety, and tolerability of the four SGLT2 inhibitors approved by the US FDA. SGLT2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion via inhibiting SGLT2 to decrease renal reabsorption of filtered glucose and reduce the renal threshold for glucose. Rather than stimulating insulin release, SGLT2 inhibitors improve β-cell function by improving glucotoxicity, as well as reduce insulin resistance and increase insulin sensitivity. Early clinical trials have confirmed the beneficial effects of SGLT2 in T2DM with acceptable safety and excellent tolerability. In recent years, SGLT2 inhibitors has been successively approved by the FDA to decrease cardiovascular death and decrease the risk of stroke and cardiac attack in T2DM adults who have been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease, treating heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction and HF with preserved ejection fraction, and treat diabetic kidney disease (DKD), decrease the risk of hospitalization for HF in T2DM and DKD patients. SGLT2 inhibitors are expected to be an effective treatment for T2DM patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease. SGLT2 inhibitors have a similar safety profile to placebo or other active control groups, with major adverse events such as Ketoacidosis or hypotension and genital or urinary tract infections.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2HyperglycemiaSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAdultGlucoseHumansHypoglycemic AgentsSodiumGlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsSodiumSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCardiovascular diseaseDiabetic kidney diseaseHeart failureSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID35614469
PMCPMC9134641
OpenAlexW4281487265

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.