Trial reportJournal of diabetes2022
DUAL I China: Improved glycemic control with IDegLira versus its individual components in a randomized trial with Chinese participants with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on oral antidiabetic drugs.
Trial report in Journal of diabetes, 2022. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 3 cells of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. An erratum has been issued. It reports registered trial NCT03172494. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against
Severe or confirmed hypoglycemic event rates were 0.24 (IDegLira) and 0.17 (degludec) episodes/participant-year (estimated rate ratio 1.46; 95% CI 0.71, 3.02; P = .3008, not significant).
RESULTS: At 26 weeks, HbA1c had decreased by a mean 18.12 mmoL/moL (IDegLira), 12.37 mmoL/moL (degludec) (estimated treatment difference [ETD] -6.50 mmoL/moL; 95% confidence interval [CI] -7.96, -5.04; P < .0001), and 11.33 mmoL/moL (liraglutide) (ETD -6.87 mmoL/moL; 95% CI -8.33, -5.41; P < 0.0001), indicating noninferiority for IDegLira vs degludec and superiority vs liraglutide.
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Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
GLP-1 receptor agonists×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 96 favour the treatment, 17 find no difference, 10 favour the comparator.
Insulin×hypoglycaemia
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →4 readable studies in this cell: 2 favour the treatment, 1 find no difference, 1 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
Insulin×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 15 favour the treatment, 14 find no difference, 14 favour the comparator.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Insulin Degludec/Liraglutide, Insulin Degludec, and Liraglutide in Chinese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled on Oral Antidiabetic Drugs (OADs)
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of IDegLira in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Current diabetes reviews · 2026Pooled it
- IDeglira vs insulin degludec for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025 · on this mapPooled it
- Pooled it
- DUAL I China: Improved glycemic control with IDegLira versus its individual components in a randomized trial with Chinese participants with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on oral antidiabetic drugs.Journal of diabetes · 2022 · on this mapTrial
- Preserved pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulin degludec and liraglutide when administered as insulin degludec/liraglutide in a Chinese population.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Trial
- Improved Glycaemic Control with IDegLira in Chinese Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Real-World Settings: A Retrospective, Database Cohort Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026Article
- Recent advances and ongoing challenges in diabetes prevention and control in China.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- 2025 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec Versus Once-Daily Insulin Degludec in Insulin-Naive Chinese Participants with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of ONWARDS 3.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Premixed insulin: Advantages, disadvantages, and future.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Treatment Patterns and Glycaemic Control Between 2015 and 2019 in Tianjin, China: A Real-World Study of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Clinical perspectives on the frequency of hypoglycemia in treat-to-target randomized controlled trials comparing basal insulin analogs in type 2 diabetes: a narrative review.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2024Review
- Guideline for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly in China (2024 Edition).Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2024Article
- Early Conversion of Intensive Insulin Therapy to IDegLira Demonstrates Higher Efficacy and Safety in Reducing Fasting Blood Glucose and HbA1c in T2DM Patients.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Evaluating the long-term cost-effectiveness of fixed-ratio combination insulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) versus other treatment regimens in the chinese type 2 diabetes patients.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrigendum.2022
- Erratum issuedErratum.2022
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
backgroundDUAL I China, one of the DUAL trials, assessed efficacy/safety of insulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) not controlled by oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs).
methodsThis phase 3a, treat-to-target multicenter trial randomized participants (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] 53.0-85.8 mmol/mol; previous metformin ± another OAD) 2:1:1 to IDegLira (n = 361), degludec (n = 179), or liraglutide (n = 180). Primary endpoint was change in HbA1c after 26 weeks. Secondary endpoints included: HbA1c < 53.0 mmol/mol attainment, weight change, treatment-emergent hypoglycemia, end-of-treatment insulin dose, and safety.
resultsAt 26 weeks, HbA1c had decreased by a mean 18.12 mmoL/moL (IDegLira), 12.37 mmoL/moL (degludec) (estimated treatment difference [ETD] -6.50 mmoL/moL; 95% confidence interval [CI] -7.96, -5.04; P < .0001), and 11.33 mmoL/moL (liraglutide) (ETD -6.87 mmoL/moL; 95% CI -8.33, -5.41; P < 0.0001), indicating noninferiority for IDegLira vs degludec and superiority vs liraglutide. HbA1c < 53.0 mmoL/moL attainment was 77.0% (IDegLira), 46.4% (degludec), and 48.3% (liraglutide). Mean weight change with IDegLira (0.1 kg) was superior to degludec (1.2 kg) (ETD -1.08 kg; 96% CI -1.55, -0.62; P < 0.0001). Severe or confirmed hypoglycemic event rates were 0.24 (IDegLira) and 0.17 (degludec) episodes/participant-year (estimated rate ratio 1.46; 95% CI 0.71, 3.02; P = .3008, not significant). At the end of treatment, the IDegLira insulin dose was lower (24.5 U/d) vs degludec (30.3 U/d) (ETD -5.49 U; 95% CI -7.77, -3.21; P < 0.0001). No unexpected safety issues occurred.
conclusionsIDegLira is efficacious and well tolerated in Chinese adults with T2D not controlled by OADs.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.