Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38691317›Full record

ArticleAdvances in therapy2024

Persistence and Adherence to PCSK9 Inhibitor Monoclonal Antibodies Versus Ezetimibe in Real-World Settings.

Paul Muntner, Lama Ghazi, Jenna Jones, Nafeesa Dhalwani, Bharat Poudel, Ying Wen, Ligong Chen, Zhixin Wang, Vera Bittner, Bethany Kalich and 4 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advances in therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Observational
  5. Treatment pathways of lipid-lowering therapies in Germany 2016-2022.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Paul MuntnerDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
Lama GhaziDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA. lghazi@uab.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9930-3575
Jenna JonesCenter for Observational Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
Nafeesa DhalwaniCenter for Observational Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
Bharat PoudelDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
Ying WenDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
Ligong ChenDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
Zhixin WangDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
Vera BittnerDivision of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Bethany KalichAmgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
Michael E FarkouhDepartment of Medicine, Cedar-Sinai School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Mark WoodwardThe George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Lisandro D ColantonioDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
Robert S RosensonDepartment of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
University of Alabama at Birmingham · USAmgen (United States) · USCedars-Sinai Medical Center · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USThe George Institute for Global Health · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe cardiovascular disease risk reduction benefits of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor monoclonal antibodies (PCSK9i mAb) and ezetimibe are dependent on remaining on treatment and being persistent and adherent. We estimated the percentage of patients on therapy, persistent and adherent at 182 and 365 days among US adults with health insurance who initiated a PCSK9i mAb (n = 16,588) or ezetimibe (n = 83,086) between July 2015 and December 2019.

methodsUsing pharmacy fill claims, being on therapy was defined as having a day of medication supply in the last 60 of 182 and 365 days following treatment initiation, being persistent was defined as not having a gap of 60 days or more between the last day of supply from one prescription fill and the next fill, and being adherent was defined by having medication available to take on ≥ 80% of the 182 and 365 days following treatment initiation. We estimated multivariable-adjusted risk ratios for being persistent and adherent comparing patients initiating PCSK9i mAb versus ezetimibe using Poisson regression.

resultsAt 182 days following initiation, 80% and 68% were on therapy and 76% and 64% were persistent among patients who initiated a PCSK9i mAb and ezetimibe, respectively. Among patients who were on therapy and persistent at 182 days following initiation, 88% and 81% of those who initiated a PCSK9i mAb and ezetimibe, respectively, were on therapy at 365 days. Among those on therapy and persistent at 182 days following initiation, being persistent and being adherent at 365 days were each more common among PCSK9i mAb versus ezetimibe initiators (persistent: 82% versus 76%, multivariable-adjusted risk ratio 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.08; adherent: 74% versus 71%, multivariable-adjusted risk ratio 1.02; 95% CI 1.01-1.03).

conclusionsThese data suggest approaches to increase persistence and adherence to PCSK9i mAb and ezetimibe should be implemented prior to or within 182 days following treatment initiation.

Indexed as

Anticholesteremic AgentsDrug MonitoringEzetimibePCSK9 InhibitorsAdultAgedAntibodies, MonoclonalFemaleHumansHypercholesterolemiaMaleMiddle AgedProprotein Convertase 9United StatesAntibodies, MonoclonalAnticholesteremic AgentsEzetimibePCSK9 InhibitorsPCSK9 protein, humanProprotein Convertase 9AdherenceEzetimibeLipid-lowering medicationPCSK9 inhibitor monoclonal antibodiesPersistence

Identifiers

PMID38691317
PMCPMC11133193
OpenAlexW4396552363

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.