SynthesisBMJ open2025
Effect of metformin on the clinical outcomes of stroke in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2025. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against
Pooled analysis has demonstrated that prestroke metformin use could reduce the probability of poor course after stroke by 34% in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.72) and reduce the probability of death by 43% (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.51 to 0.64).
Pooled analysis has demonstrated that prestroke metformin use could reduce the probability of poor course after stroke by 34% in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.72) and reduce the probability of death by 43% (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.51 to 0.64).
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Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
Metformin×cardiovascular events
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →5 readable studies in this cell: 4 favour the treatment, 1 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metformin Repurposing in Neurological Disorders: A Clinical Trial Landscape.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Article
- Antidiabetic Agents as Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Therapies in Neurological and Cardiovascular Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Repurposing Antidiabetic Drugs for Cerebrovascular Diseases: Causal Evidence from Drug Target Mendelian Randomization and Colocalization.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
objectivesStroke is a major cause of death and disability globally, especially among diabetic patients. In this study, we aim to scrutinise the effects of metformin on the clinical outcomes of stroke in diabetic patients.
designThis study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched between their inception and 5 December 2023. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Studies investigating the effect of metformin on the clinical outcomes of stroke in patients with diabetes were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: The effect of metformin on the clinical outcomes of stroke in patients with diabetes was identified using combined ORs and 95% CIs.
resultsA total of 11 studies involving 18 525 participants were included in this review. Pooled analysis has demonstrated that prestroke metformin use could reduce the probability of poor course after stroke by 34% in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.72) and reduce the probability of death by 43% (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.51 to 0.64).
conclusionsPrestroke metformin use is beneficial for the improvement of clinical outcomes in patients who had a stroke with DM, although the potential bias should be carefully considered. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024496056.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.