SynthesisObesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity2025

Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide on Weight Loss in Patients Without Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Sharath Kommu, Param P Sharma, Rachel M Gabor

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2025. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map: it supports the treatment in 1. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

2numbers the graph read from it
1cell of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
-18.80 · no effect
Change in percentage body weighttirzepatide vs placebo, in individuals with overweight or obesity, without DMfavours the treatment · obesityfeeds one cell of the map
Δ -16.3-18.4 to -14.3
To address this, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of six randomized trials on individuals with overweight or obesity, without DM, which showed that tirzepatide, when compared with placebo, resulted in a change in percentage body weight with a mean difference (MD) of -16.32% (95% CI: -18.35 to -14.29) and change in absolute body weight in kilograms (MD -13.95 kg; -18.83 to -9.07).
Change in absolute body weight in kilogramstirzepatide vs placebo, in individuals with overweight or obesity, without DMfavours the treatment · obesityfeeds one cell of the map
Δ -13.9-18.8 to -9.07
To address this, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of six randomized trials on individuals with overweight or obesity, without DM, which showed that tirzepatide, when compared with placebo, resulted in a change in percentage body weight with a mean difference (MD) of -16.32% (95% CI: -18.35 to -14.29) and change in absolute body weight in kilograms (MD -13.95 kg; -18.83 to -9.07).

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

GIP/GLP-1 & amylin agonists×body weight & composition

SupportsOpen on the map →What to test next →

29 readable studies in this cell: 28 favour the treatment, 1 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
1.00replicated · 19 families support, 0 contradict · against placebo
Without itNot a counted family in this claim, so removing it changes nothing.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
0 · no effect
Δ -17.3-18.1 to -16.6
NCT041846222,539 enrolled · 2019
Δ -13.5-14.6 to -12.5
NCT037306622,002 enrolled · 2018
Δ -9.00-9.80 to -8.30
NCT039879191,879 enrolled · 2019
Δ -1.70-2.60 to -0.70
NCT038829701,444 enrolled · 2019
Δ -9.80-10.8 to -8.80
NCT045379231,428 enrolled · 2020
Δ -10.7-11.5 to -9.90
Δ -10.4-11.2 to -9.50
NCT04657003938 enrolled · 2021
Δ -10.1-11.5 to -8.80
NCT04093752917 enrolled · 2019
Δ -6.50-7.40 to -5.60
NCT04660643783 enrolled · 2021
Δ -21.4-22.9 to -20.0
NCT05822830751 enrolled · 2023
Δ -6.50-8.10 to -4.90
NCT04847557731 enrolled · 2021
Δ -11.6-12.8 to -10.4

This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.

4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide on Weight Loss in Patients Without Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025 · on this map
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Management of obesity in advanced chronic liver disease.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sharath KommuDepartment of Hospital Medicine, Marshfield Clinic Health System, Rice Lake, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4430-9830
Param P SharmaDepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Rachel M GaborOffice of Research Computing and Analytics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA.

Funding

University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchUL1TR002373 · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · 2025 to 2025
$8.9M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002373NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR002373
8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

Tirzepatide has positive effects on weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity. Considering its broad side-effect profile, its efficacy and safety in individuals without diabetes mellitus (DM) are yet to be fully understood. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of six randomized trials on individuals with overweight or obesity, without DM, which showed that tirzepatide, when compared with placebo, resulted in a change in percentage body weight with a mean difference (MD) of -16.32% (95% CI: -18.35 to -14.29) and change in absolute body weight in kilograms (MD -13.95 kg; -18.83 to -9.07). There were significant reductions in body mass index and waist circumference when compared with placebo, with MDs of -5.89 kg/m

Indexed as

Anti-Obesity AgentsObesityOverweightWeight LossHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTirzepatideTreatment OutcomeAnti-Obesity AgentsTirzepatidenondiabeticsobesityoverweighttirzepatide

Identifiers

PMID40510020
PMCPMC12531717

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.