← GLP-1 receptor agonists × cardiovascular events

Observational studyScientific reports2025

Comparative cardiovascular outcomes of semaglutide to dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Takefumi Kishimori et al.PubMed ↗Full text ↗Publisher ↗

Semaglutidelooks good hereFewer deaths, lower acute myocardial infarction, fewer stroke.Correlation only, not a test of it.

What moved togetherboth groups pooled, not the treatment’s effect

Correlation, not cause

Semaglutide went with fewer deaths

−25%−28% to −22%

semaglutide vs dulaglutide

Bigger than 7 in 10 for all-cause mortality

As reported

HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.72–0.78 · the paper's word: all-cause death

Correlation, not cause

Semaglutide went with lower acute myocardial infarction

−6%−9% to −3%

semaglutide vs dulaglutide

Bigger than 1 in 10 for cardiovascular events

As reported

HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.91–0.97

Correlation, not cause

Semaglutide went with fewer stroke

−10%−13% to −7%

semaglutide vs dulaglutide

Bigger than 1 in 10 for cardiovascular events

As reported

HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.87–0.93

+1 more in the walkthrough ↓

Who was studied, and how

691,652people with cardiovascular disease, in this paper

Already taking semaglutide, or nottheir own situation, not assigned

on semaglutide

dulaglutide

Semaglutide went with fewer deaths−25%

Semaglutide went with lower acute myocardial infarction−6%

Semaglutide went with fewer stroke−10%

correlation, not a test

the abstract, start to end

… vs. 5.6%, p < 0.001; hazard ratio [HR] 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] …

… infarction (5.2% vs. 5.6%; HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91-0.97; p < 0.001), stroke (5.8% vs. 6.4%; HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.87-0.93; p < 0.001), and acute heart failure (5.3% vs. 6.1%; HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.85-0.91; …

← favours treatmentfavours comparator →

could be chance

All-cause deathsemaglutide vs dulaglutide

HR 0.750.72–0.78

Acute myocardial infarctionsemaglutide vs dulaglutide

HR 0.940.91–0.97

Strokesemaglutide vs dulaglutide

HR 0.900.87–0.93

Acute heart failuresemaglutide vs dulaglutide

HR 0.880.85–0.91

GLP-1 receptor agonistsCardiovascular eventsAll-cause mortality

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1 paper cites it

2025

2026

this papercites it

Comparative cardiovascular outcomes of semaglutide to dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes.

What moved togetherboth groups pooled, not the treatment’s effect

Semaglutide went with fewer deaths

Semaglutide went with lower acute myocardial infarction

Semaglutide went with fewer stroke

Who was studied, and how

Four numbers in the abstract

Where each one falls

Where it lands on the map

1 paper cites it