← GIP/GLP-1 & amylin agonists × adverse events & safety

Observational studyDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2025

Weight loss interventions and obesity-associated cancers in people with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity: A real-world observational study.

Testimony Ipaye et al.PubMed ↗Full text ↗Publisher ↗

  • Semaglutidelooks good hereLower composite OAC, lower colorectal, lower liver.Randomised, small.
  • Tirzepatidelooks good hereLower ovarian cancer, no clear effect on composite OAC.Randomised, small.
  • BSno clear effectLower composite OAC, lower liver, lower uterine cancers.Nothing cleared the noise.

What the trial testedrandomised · 2025

Randomised vs DPP-4i

Probably lowered composite OAC

−12%−18% to −5%

semaglutide vs DPP-4i

Bigger than 4 in 10 for adverse events & safety

As reported

HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.82–0.95

Randomised vs DPP-4i

Probably lowered colorectal

−20%−33% to −3%

semaglutide vs DPP-4i

Bigger than 5 in 10 for adverse events & safety

As reported

HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.67–0.97

Randomised vs DPP-4i

Probably lowered liver

−25%−40% to −5%

semaglutide vs DPP-4i

Bigger than 6 in 10 on the map

As reported

HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.60–0.95

Randomised vs DPP-4i

Probably lowered pancreatic

−24%−40% to −4%

semaglutide vs DPP-4i

Bigger than 5 in 10 on the map

As reported

HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60–0.96

+6 more in the walkthrough ↓

Who was studied, and how

people with obesity, in this paper

The trial randomly assignedassigned by chance

semaglutide
DPP-4i

Probably lowered composite OAC−12%

Probably lowered colorectal−20%

randomised

The trial randomly assignedassigned by chance

tirzepatide
DPP-4i

Probably lowered ovarian cancer−69%

No clear effect on composite OAC−16%

randomised

the abstract, start to end

… with lower rates of composite OAC (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.82-0.95), colorectal (0.80; 0.67-0.97), liver (0.75; 0.60-0.95) and pancreatic (0.76; 0.60-0.96) cancers.

… lower rate of composite OAC (0.84; 0.69-1.01) but a significant lower rate of ovarian cancer (0.31; 0.10-0.95).

… with lower rates of composite OAC (0.85; 0.74-0.98), liver (0.56; 0.32-0.97) and uterine cancers (0.59; 0.38-0.90), and higher rates of gastric cardia cancer (10.54; 1.35-82.38) and oesophageal …

← favours treatmentfavours comparator →
could be chance
Composite OACsemaglutide vs DPP-4i
HR 0.880.82–0.95
Colorectalsemaglutide vs DPP-4i
HR 0.800.67–0.97
Liversemaglutide vs DPP-4i
HR 0.750.60–0.95
Pancreaticsemaglutide vs DPP-4i
HR 0.760.60–0.96
Composite OACtirzepatide vs DPP-4i
HR 0.840.69–1.01
Ovarian cancertirzepatide vs DPP-4i
HR 0.310.10–0.95
Composite OACBS vs DPP-4i
HR 0.850.74–0.98
LiverBS vs DPP-4i
HR 0.560.32–0.97
Uterine cancersBS vs DPP-4i
HR 0.590.38–0.90
Gastric cardia cancerBS vs DPP-4i
HR 10.541.35–82.4
GLP-1 receptor agonistsGIP/GLP-1 & amylin agonistsDPP-4 inhibitorsLiver & MASLDAdverse events & safety
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6 papers cite it

2025
2026
this papercites it
Full record →Abstract, authors, funding and every citing paper · PMID 40903861