ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Essential Oils as Antioxidants: Mechanistic Insights from Radical Scavenging to Redox Signaling.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nano-Enabled Advances in Tea Tree Essential Oil (Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pickering Emulsion Stabilized by Chitosan-ModifiedPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Metabolite Profiling of Lavender (Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Candicidal Effect of a Nanoemulsion Based on the Essential Oil of the Medicinal PlantPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Essential Oil Blend and Ascorbic Acid Supplementation Improves Performance, Semen Characteristics, Redox Balance, and Intestinal Integrity in Heat-Stressed Male Rabbits.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Rosemary Essential Oil as a Natural Additive in Food Industry: Recent Developments in Encapsulation Techniques.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Australian Rainforest Rosewood: From Wood Characteristics to Chemical Profile and Biological Activity of Its Essential Oil.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dietary Polyphenols (Flavonoids) Derived from Plants for Use in Therapeutic Health: Antioxidant Performance, ROS, Molecular Mechanisms, and Bioavailability Limitations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Research on volatile flavor substances and biological activities of different parts ofFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Targeted phytotherapy: essential oils, multi-target cancer action & nanodelivery.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- IntegratedFrontiers in chemistry · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are complex volatile mixtures that exhibit antioxidant activity through both chemical and biological pathways. Phenolic constituents act as efficient chain-breaking radical-trapping antioxidants, whereas some non-phenolic terpenes operate through distinct mechanisms. Notably, γ-terpinene functions via a "radical export" pathway, generating hydroperoxyl radicals that intercept lipid peroxyl radicals and accelerate chain termination. Recent methodological advances, such as inhibited autoxidation kinetics, oxygen-consumption assays, and fluorescence-based lipid peroxidation probes, have enabled more quantitative evaluation of these activities. Beyond direct radical chemistry, EOs also regulate redox homeostasis by modulating signaling networks such as Nrf2/Keap1, thereby activating antioxidant response element-driven enzymatic defenses in cell and animal models. Phenolic constituents and electrophilic compounds bearing an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl structure may directly activate Nrf2 by modifying Keap1 cysteine residues, whereas non-phenolic terpenes likely depend on oxidative metabolism to form active electrophilic species. Despite broad evidence of antioxidant efficacy, molecular characterization of EO-protein interactions remains limited. This review integrates radical-chain dynamics with redox signaling biology to clarify the mechanistic basis of EO antioxidant activity and to provide a framework for future research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.