Evidence mapPaperPMID 10233049Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of physiology1999

Glucagon-like peptide-1 promotes satiety and reduces food intake in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

J P Gutzwiller, J Drewe, B Göke, H Schmidt, B Rohrer, J Lareida, C Beglinger

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readClinical TrialControlled Clinical Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of physiology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 140 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
140citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06894784 phase3recruitingstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Semaglutide And Empagliflozin Combination Therapy Added To Automated Insulin Delivery In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes (SEMPA)

Ran2025Enrolled36Registered outcomes13Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Type 1ArmsIntervention Period 1: Semaglutide + Empagliflozin, Intervention Period 2: Semaglutide + Empagliflozin Placebo, Intervention Period 3: Semaglutide Placebo + Empagliflozin, Intervention Period 4: Semaglutide Placebo + Empagliflozin Placebo
Open the trial in the graph
NCT02192853 phase4completednot on this mapstarted 2013, after this paper: background citation

Plasma and Endothelial Activity of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 During Different Doses of Sitagliptin

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Hospital, Gentofte, CopenhagenRan2013 to 2014Enrolled20ConditionsType 2 Diabetes MellitusArmssitagliptin, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

140 citing papers in PubMed, 526 citations in OpenAlex.

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80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

J P GutzwillerDepartment of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital, CH-5000 Aarau, Switzerland.
J Drewe
B Göke
H Schmidt
B Rohrer
J Lareida
C Beglinger
Kantonsspital Aarau · CHPhilipps University of Marburg · DEUniversity Hospital of Basel · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone of the enteroinsular axis. Recent experimental evidence in animals and healthy subjects suggests that GLP-1 has a role in controlling appetite and energy intake in humans. We have therefore examined in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 12 patients with diabetes type 2 the effect of intravenously infused GLP-1 on appetite sensations and energy intake. On 2 days, either saline or GLP-1 (1.5 pmol. kg-1. min-1) was given throughout the experiment. Visual analog scales were used to assess appetite sensations; furthermore, food and fluid intake of a test meal were recorded, and blood was sampled for analysis of plasma glucose and hormone levels. GLP-1 infusion enhanced satiety and fullness compared with placebo (P = 0.028 for fullness and P = 0.026 for hunger feelings). Energy intake was reduced by 27% by GLP-1 (P = 0.034) compared with saline. The results demonstrate a marked effect of GLP-1 on appetite by showing enhanced satiety and reduced energy intake in patients with diabetes type 2.

Indexed as

AppetiteBlood GlucoseBrain ChemistryCross-Over StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Double-Blind MethodEatingGlucagonGlucagon-Like Peptide 1HumansHyperglycemiaInfusions, IntravenousInsulinMaleMiddle AgedObesityBlood GlucoseGlucagonGlucagon-Like Peptide 1InsulinPeptide FragmentsProtein Precursors

Identifiers

PMID10233049
OpenAlexW1905803407

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.