Evidence mapPaperPMID 19065993Full record

SynthesisVascular health and risk management2008

Emerging role of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes.

Bernd Richter, Elizabeth Bandeira-Echtler, Karla Bergerhoff, Christian Lerch

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Vascular health and risk management, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.

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    Article
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  14. New Hydrogenated Phenanthrene Glycosides from the Edible VegetableJournal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Bernd RichterCochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group, Department of General Practice, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany. richterb@uni-duesseldorf.de
Elizabeth Bandeira-Echtler
Karla Bergerhoff
Christian Lerch
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) there is a progressive loss of beta-cell function. One new approach yielding promising results is the use of the orally active dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. However, every new compound for T2DM has to prove long-term safety especially on cardiovascular outcomes.

objectivesSystematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of sitagliptin and vildagliptin therapy on main efficacy parameters and safety. SELECTION CRITERIA, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYSIS: Randomized controlled clinical studies of at least 12 weeks' duration in T2DM.

resultsDPP-4 inhibitors versus placebo showed glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (A1c) improvements of 0.7% versus placebo but not compared to monotherapy with other hypoglycemic agents (0.3% in favor of controls). The overall risk profile of DPP-4 inhibitors was low, however a 34% relative risk increase (95% confidence interval 10% to 64%, P = 0.004) was noted for all-cause infection associated with sitagliptin use. No data on immune function, health-related quality of life and diabetic complications could be extracted.

conclusionsDPP-4 inhibitors have some theoretical advantages over existing therapies with oral antidiabetic compounds but should currently be restricted to individual patients. Long-term data on cardiovascular outcomes and safety are needed before widespread use of these new agents.

Indexed as

Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsAdamantaneDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4Glycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsNitrilesPyrazinesPyrrolidinesSitagliptin PhosphateTreatment OutcomeTriazolesVildagliptinAdamantaneDipeptidyl Peptidase 4Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsDPP4 protein, humanGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanHypoglycemic AgentsNitrilesPyrazinesPyrrolidinesSitagliptin PhosphateTriazolesVildagliptin

Identifiers

PMID19065993
PMCPMC2597770
OpenAlexW1913239326

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.