Trial reportClinical pharmacokinetics2016
Liraglutide 3.0 mg for Weight Management: A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis.
Trial report in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT01272219. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Liraglutide on Body Weight in Non-diabetic Obese Subjects or Overweight Subjects With Co-morbidities: A Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel Group, Multi-centre, Multinational Trial With Stratification of Subject to Either 56 or 160 Weeks of Treatment Based on Pre-diabetes Status at Randomisation
Effect of Liraglutide on Body Weight in Overweight or Obese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes: A 56 Week Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Three Armed Parallel Group, Multi-centre, Multinational Trial With a 12 Week Observational Follow-up Period
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Representation of racialised and ethnically diverse populations in multicentre randomised controlled trials of GLP-1 medicines for obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of gaps.BMJ global health · 2024Pooled it
- Liraglutide pharmacokinetics and exposure-response in adolescents with obesity.Pediatric obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of the glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide versus placebo treatment on circulating proglucagon-derived peptides that mediate improvements in body weight, insulin secretion and action: A randomized controlled trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Liraglutide effects in a paediatric (7-11 y) population with obesity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, short-term trial to assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics.Pediatric obesity · 2019 · on this mapTrial
- Impact on HbA1c and body weight of switching from other GLP-1 receptor agonists to semaglutide: A model-based approach.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019 · on this mapTrial
- Sex differences in cardiovascular‑kidney‑metabolic syndrome: From pathogenesis to treatment response (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific and Reproductive Status-Dependent Effects of Liraglutide on Metabolic Disorders Associated with Prediabetes.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Real-World Sex Differences in Response to Treatment with Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Analysis of Single-Center Outpatient Case Series.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Obesity and Its Treatment.Current psychiatry reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Review
- GLP-1 and Its Analogs: Does Sex Matter?Endocrinology · 2025Review
- A Comprehensive Review on the Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Approved GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and a Dual GLP-1/GIP Receptor Agonist.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- Population pharmacokinetics of efpeglenatide in individuals with obesity and with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Adipose Tissue: A Novel Target of the Incretin Axis? A Paradigm Shift in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Sex-Differences in Response to Treatment with Liraglutide 3.0 mg.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Obesity: a gender-view.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Review
- Sex Differences in the Preventive Effect of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Therapeutics on Dementia.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2023Review
- Semaglutide in Obesity: Unmet Needs in Men.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Activation in the Brain in Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesThis analysis used a population pharmacokinetic approach to identify covariates that influence plasma exposure of liraglutide 3.0 mg, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist approved for weight management in overweight and obese individuals.
methodsSamples for pharmacokinetic analysis were drawn at weeks 2, 12 and 28 of the phase IIIa SCALE Obesity and Prediabetes (N = 2339) and SCALE Diabetes (N = 584) trials. Dose proportionality of liraglutide in obese subjects was investigated using data from a phase II dose-finding study (N = 331).
resultsDose-proportional exposure of liraglutide up to and including 3.0 mg was confirmed. Body weight and sex influenced exposure of liraglutide 3.0 mg, while age ≥70 years, race, ethnicity and baseline glycaemic status did not. Compared with a reference subject weighing 100 kg, exposure of liraglutide 3.0 mg was 44 % lower for a subject weighing 234 kg (90 % CI 41-47), 41 % higher for a subject weighing 60 kg (90 % CI 37-46), and 32 % higher (90 % CI 28-35) in females than males with the same body weight. Neither injection site nor renal function significantly influenced exposure of liraglutide 3.0 mg (post hoc analysis).
conclusionPopulation pharmacokinetics of liraglutide up to and including 3.0 mg daily in overweight and obese adults demonstrated dose-proportional exposure, and limited effect of covariates other than sex and body weight. These findings were similar to those previously observed with liraglutide up to 1.8 mg in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further analysis of exposure-response relationship and its effect on dose requirements is addressed in a separate publication.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.