SynthesisMedicine2017
Efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus sitagliptin both in combination with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2017. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 3 cells of the map: it . Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
Compared with sitagliptin combination with metformin group, participants' treatment with 1.2 mg and 1.8 mg liraglutide with metformin could significantly lower the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (P < .00001, MD = -0.35, 95% CI -0.51 to -0.20).
Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against
Moreover, patients with 1.8 mg liraglutide group had significant body weight loss (P < .00001, MD = -1.12, 95% CI -1.54 to -0.70).
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Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
GLP-1 receptor agonists×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 96 favour the treatment, 17 find no difference, 10 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
Metformin×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 41 favour the treatment, 13 find no difference, 7 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
GLP-1 receptor agonists×body weight & composition
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 83 favour the treatment, 15 find no difference, 11 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating efficacy and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in diabetes treatment: a meta-analysis and network pharmacology study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- The Key Role of Liraglutide in Preventing Autophagy of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in High Glucose ConditionsBalkan medical journal · 2024Article
- [Indicators of diabetes mellitus after liraglutide, sitagliptin/metformin, linagliptin, and sitagliptin].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2023Observational
- [Comparison of therapeutic effect of metformin hydrochloride/vildagliptin and liraglutide on type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese patients].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2023Article
- Pharmacokinetic comparison of sitagliptin and metformin HCl extended-release tablets versus JANUMETFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Recommendations for Practical Use of Metformin, a Central Pharmacological Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2022Article
- Cost-effectiveness of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease in China.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2021Article
- Side Effects Associated with Liraglutide Treatment for Obesity as Well as Diabetes.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2021Review
- Effect of Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist (liriglutide) on weight and glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending primary care center at security forces hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2020Article
- Real-world Effectiveness of Liraglutide vs. Sitagliptin Among Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Enrolled in a Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug Plan: A Retrospective Observational Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020Article
- Determination of Electroacupuncture Effects on circRNAs in Plasma Exosomes in Diabetic Mice: An RNA-Sequencing Approach.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2019Article
- Questionable Industry-Sponsored Postneonatal Pediatric Studies in Slovenia.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2019Article
- Real-World Clinical Effectiveness and Cost Savings of Liraglutide Versus Sitagliptin in Treating Type 2 Diabetes for 1 and 2 Years.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018Article
- The Origin and Understanding of the Incretin Concept.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
backgroundThe aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus sitagliptin both in combination with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and provide reference basis for rational use of clinical drugs.
methodsSeveral databases were searched, including Web of science, PubMed, Cochrane library, CNKI, and Wanfang database. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of liraglutide versus sitagliptin both in combination with metformin up to 31 August 2016 were included. Data were extracted independently by 2 reviewers, and a fixed or random effects model were used to analyze outcomes that were expressed as odds ratio (OR) or mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for different situations.
resultsFive RCTs involving 1440 participants were included. Compared with sitagliptin combination with metformin group, participants' treatment with 1.2 mg and 1.8 mg liraglutide with metformin could significantly lower the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (P < .00001, MD = -0.35, 95% CI -0.51 to -0.20). Moreover, patients with 1.8 mg liraglutide group had significant body weight loss (P < .00001, MD = -1.12, 95% CI -1.54 to -0.70). However, there were no obvious differences in cutting down the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between liraglutide-metformin and sitagliptin-metformin groups. The incidence of gastrointestinal problems was significantly higher than sitagliptin with metformin groups.
conclusionThe results of this meta-analysis indicated that Liraglutide added on to metformin therapy could significantly lower the level of HbA1c and increase body weight loss. Meanwhile, the adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal problems were common in the liraglutide treatment group. Thus, this will provide an important reference for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.