Trial reportDiabetes research and clinical practice2025
Baseline glucagon impacts glucose-lowering effects of acarbose but not metformin: A sub-analysis of MARCH study.
Trial report in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2025. The graph read 4 numbers from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map: it . Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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In the acarbose group, higher baseline glucagon levels correlated with greater HbA1c reductions at 24 weeks (-1.32 % for high and -1.27 % for medium vs. -0.87 % for low; both P < 0.05) and at 48 weeks (-1.23 % for high and -1.30 % for medium vs. -0.79 % for low; both P < 0.05), while metformin showed consistent glucose-lowering effects across all glucagon subgroups.
In the acarbose group, higher baseline glucagon levels correlated with greater HbA1c reductions at 24 weeks (-1.32 % for high and -1.27 % for medium vs. -0.87 % for low; both P < 0.05) and at 48 weeks (-1.23 % for high and -1.30 % for medium vs. -0.79 % for low; both P < 0.05), while metformin showed consistent glucose-lowering effects across all glucagon subgroups.
In the acarbose group, higher baseline glucagon levels correlated with greater HbA1c reductions at 24 weeks (-1.32 % for high and -1.27 % for medium vs. -0.87 % for low; both P < 0.05) and at 48 weeks (-1.23 % for high and -1.30 % for medium vs. -0.79 % for low; both P < 0.05), while metformin showed consistent glucose-lowering effects across all glucagon subgroups.
In the acarbose group, higher baseline glucagon levels correlated with greater HbA1c reductions at 24 weeks (-1.32 % for high and -1.27 % for medium vs. -0.87 % for low; both P < 0.05) and at 48 weeks (-1.23 % for high and -1.30 % for medium vs. -0.79 % for low; both P < 0.05), while metformin showed consistent glucose-lowering effects across all glucagon subgroups.
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Where it lands on the map
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What it adds to each cell
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Other glucose-lowering×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →8 readable studies in this cell: 4 favour the treatment, 0 find no difference, 4 favour the comparator.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Gut Peptide Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: A Narrative Review.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
backgroundThe impact of glucagon on glucose-lowering therapies remains unclear. This study evaluated the effect of baseline glucagon levels on acarbose and metformin efficacy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
methodsA sub-analysis of the MARCH trial was conducted, involving 493 patients randomly assigned to receive either acarbose (300 mg/day) or metformin (1500 mg/day) for 48 weeks. Participants were grouped into low, medium, and high glucagon based on baseline tertiles. The primary outcome was changes in glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at 24 and 48 weeks.
resultsSignificant reductions in HbA1c were observed in both acarbose and metformin groups at 24 and 48 weeks. In the acarbose group, higher baseline glucagon levels correlated with greater HbA1c reductions at 24 weeks (-1.32 % for high and -1.27 % for medium vs. -0.87 % for low; both P < 0.05) and at 48 weeks (-1.23 % for high and -1.30 % for medium vs. -0.79 % for low; both P < 0.05), while metformin showed consistent glucose-lowering effects across all glucagon subgroups.
conclusionHigher baseline glucagon significantly enhanced the glucose-lowering efficacy of acarbose but not metformin, suggesting glucagon could guide personalized diabetes treatment.
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Identifiers
40319921What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.