ReviewPostgraduate medicine2009
Insights from the Liraglutide Clinical Development Program--the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes (LEAD) studies.
Review in Postgraduate medicine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT00294723. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes (LEAD-3): Effect on Glycemic Control of Liraglutide Versus Glimepiride in Type 2 Diabetes
Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes (LEAD-1): Effect on Glycaemic Control After Once Daily Administration of Liraglutide in Combination With Glimepiride Versus Glimepiride Monotherapy Versus Glimepiride and Rosiglitazone Combination Therapy in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes.
Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes (LEAD-2): Effect on Glycaemic Control After Once Daily Administration of Liraglutide in Combination With Metformin Versus Metformin Monotherapy Versus Metformin and Glimepiride Combination Therapy in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes (LEAD-5): Effect on Glycaemic Control After Once Daily Administration of Liraglutide in Combination With Glimepiride and Metformin Versus Glimepiride and Metformin Combination Therapy, and Versus Insulin Glargine Added to Glimepiride and Metformin Combination Therapy in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes.A Six-month Randomised, Double-blind, Parallel-group, Multi-centre, Multi-national Trial With an Open-label Treat-to-target Insulin Glargine Control Arm.
Effect on Glycemic Control of Liraglutide in Combination With Rosiglitazone Plus Metformin Versus Rosiglitazone Plus Metformin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Effect of Liraglutide or Exenatide Added to a Background Treatment of Metformin, Sulphonylurea or a Combination of Both on Glycaemic Control in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metformin and second- or third-generation sulphonylurea combination therapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019 · on this mapPooled it
- The efficacy and safety of liraglutide added to metformin in patients with diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Article
- Article
- GLP-1 Analogs and DPP-4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes Therapy: Review of Head-to-Head Clinical Trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- GLP-1 and Amylin in the Treatment of Obesity.Current diabetes reports · 2016Review
- An Overview of Current Regulatory Requirements for Approval of Biosimilar Insulins.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2015Review
- Low dose liraglutide in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes in the real world setting.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2013Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues: An overview.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2013Article
- Exenatide once weekly improved glycaemic control, cardiometabolic risk factors and a composite index of an HbA1c < 7%, without weight gain or hypoglycaemia, over 52 weeks.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2013Article
- Thyroid safety in patients treated with liraglutide.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2013Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues for Type 2 diabetes mellitus: current and emerging agents.Drugs · 2011Review
- Pharmacology, efficacy and safety of liraglutide in the management of type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2010Article
- The evolving place of incretin-based therapies in type 2 diabetes.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Standard therapies for type 2 diabetes often fail to maintain glycemic control over the long term, in part because they do not target the underlying cause. Current treatments may also be associated with weight gain, hypoglycemia, and other adverse effects, and can be difficult to use. Disease progression is accompanied by a progressive decline in beta-cell function, which begins early in the disease course, and an impaired incretin response. The recently developed glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists overcome some of the limitations of conventional treatments. This article summarizes the key results of the new GLP-1 receptor agonist (liraglutide) phase 3 Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes (LEAD) studies. This series of 6 randomized controlled studies involved > 4400 patients with type 2 diabetes who were unable to maintain glycemic control with diet and exercise alone or with oral treatment, approximately 2700 of whom received liraglutide. The studies demonstrated the efficacy and safety of liraglutide both as monotherapy and as combination therapy with 1 or 2 oral agents. In addition to providing robust glycemic control in these studies, liraglutide reduced weight in most patients, improved beta-cell function, lowered blood pressure and triglycerides, and was well tolerated with minimal risk of hypoglycemia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.