Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2025
Lipoprotein levels and statin treatment related to dementia and cognitive decline in individuals with type 2 diabetes: an observational analysis from the ADVANCE study.
Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2025. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against
The OR (95% CI) of dementia/CD were 1.06 (1.00-1.14) per standard deviation higher in baseline LDL cholesterol and 0.90 (0.79-1.03) for participants with vs without statin treatment.
The OR (95% CI) of dementia/CD were 1.06 (1.00-1.14) per standard deviation higher in baseline LDL cholesterol and 0.90 (0.79-1.03) for participants with vs without statin treatment.
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Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
Statins×lipids
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →38 readable studies in this cell: 27 favour the treatment, 5 find no difference, 6 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Lipid-Lowering Therapies and Cognition in Older Adults: A Narrative Review and Clinical Considerations.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
introductionStudies on the association between lipid levels and lipid-lowering treatment and the risk of dementia and/or cognitive decline (CD) have shown conflicting results and are few in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim was to evaluate the relationship of baseline LDL cholesterol levels and statin treatment with the development of dementia/CD in patients with T2D from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation trial.
methodsDementia was diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV), and CD was defined as at least a 3-point decrement in the Mini Mental State Examination score. Exposures were baseline LDL cholesterol levels, statin treatment at baseline, and statin treatment initiation during the first 18 months of follow-up. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI for the composite of dementia/CD.
resultsOf 11,140 participants, 1827 (16.4%) developed dementia/CD over the 5-year follow up. The OR (95% CI) of dementia/CD were 1.06 (1.00-1.14) per standard deviation higher in baseline LDL cholesterol and 0.90 (0.79-1.03) for participants with vs without statin treatment.
conclusionWe observed an association between LDL levels, but not statin treatment, and incident dementia/CD. Although causality cannot be determined by our study, the results are in line with multiple randomised controlled trials. However, to understand the long-term effects of lipid levels and statin treatment on dementia/CD, studies of longer follow-up are still needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.