Trial reportDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association1995

One-year acarbose treatment raises fasting serum acetate in diabetic patients.

T M Wolever, R Radmard, J L Chiasson, J A Hunt, R G Josse, C Palmason, N W Rodger, S A Ross, E A Ryan, M H Tan

Abstract readClinical TrialComparative StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 1995. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 2 cells of the map: it supports the treatment in 2. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

2numbers the graph read from it
2cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
-1.000 · no effect
Glycemic controlfavours the treatment · against placebo · dyslipidemia, t2dfeeds 2 cells of the map
reduced -0.20p < 0.02
Compared to placebo, acarbose treatment significantly increased fasting serum acetate by 11 +/- 4 vs 2 +/- 3 mumoll-1 (p < 0.02) and reduced HbA1C by -0.59 +/- 0.16 vs -0.13 +/- 0.20% (p < 0.02).
Glycemic controlfavours the treatment · against placebo · dyslipidemia, t2dfeeds 2 cells of the map
increase -1.00p < 0.02
Compared to placebo, acarbose treatment significantly increased fasting serum acetate by 11 +/- 4 vs 2 +/- 3 mumoll-1 (p < 0.02) and reduced HbA1C by -0.59 +/- 0.16 vs -0.13 +/- 0.20% (p < 0.02).

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

Diet, exercise & lifestyle×glycemic control

SupportsOpen on the map →What to test next →

5 readable studies in this cell: 3 favour the treatment, 2 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.99replicated · 2 families support, 0 contradict · against placebo
Without it
0.50This paper moves it by +0.49. It would be one trial.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
0 · no effect
This paper · 1995
reduced -0.20
mean decreases -0.50-0.80 to -0.30

Other glucose-lowering×glycemic control

SupportsOpen on the map →What to test next →

8 readable studies in this cell: 5 favour the treatment, 0 find no difference, 3 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.50contested · 3 families support, 1 contradict · against placebo
Without it
0.50This paper does not move the number.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
0 · no effect
This paper · 1995
reduced -0.20
NCT017093055,570 enrolled · 2012
Δ 0.190.02 to 0.36
NCT050350821,018 enrolled · 2021
Δ -0.24-0.44 to -0.04
placebo-subtracted decrease -0.44
4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2010 · on this map
    Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Effects of Acarbose on the Gut Microbiota of Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Crossover Trial.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2017
    Article
  9. Review
6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

T M WoleverDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
R Radmard
J L Chiasson
J A Hunt
R G Josse
C Palmason
N W Rodger
S A Ross
E A Ryan
M H Tan
University of Toronto · CADalhousie University · CAFoothills Medical Centre · CAHeritage Medical Research Clinic · CAInstitute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes · CASt Joseph's Health Centre · CAUniversité de Montréal · CAUniversity of British Columbia · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

alpha-Glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose improve blood glucose control in diabetes by delaying or reducing carbohydrate absorption. The fermentation of malabsorbed carbohydrate in the colon is associated with the production of gas, leading to flatulence, and short chain fatty acids such as acetate, which may have systemic effects. To see if acarbose raised fasting serum acetate in diabetic patients, we studied 85 subjects selected from the 267 who had completed a 1-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design study of the effects of acarbose in the treatment of diabetes. At baseline, there was no significant difference between the 44 subjects subsequently randomized to placebo and the 41 randomized to acarbose, respectively, in fasting serum acetate (80 +/- 5 vs 71 +/- 4 mumoll-1) or glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C; 7.2 +/- 0.3 vs 7.4 +/- 0.3%). Compared to placebo, acarbose treatment significantly increased fasting serum acetate by 11 +/- 4 vs 2 +/- 3 mumoll-1 (p < 0.02) and reduced HbA1C by -0.59 +/- 0.16 vs -0.13 +/- 0.20% (p < 0.02). Acarbose treatment had no significant effect on serum cholesterol or non-esterified fatty acids, but was associated with a significant increase in flatulence. There was no relationship between changes in serum acetate and changes in HbA1C, serum cholesterol or symptoms. We conclude, in subjects with diabetes who tolerate therapy for a 1-year period, that acarbose treatment increases serum acetate. The magnitude of change in acetate was unrelated to side-effects or changes in blood glucose control or serum lipids.

Indexed as

AcarboseAcetatesBody Mass IndexCholesterolDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diet, DiabeticDouble-Blind MethodFastingFatty Acids, NonesterifiedFemaleFlatulenceGlycated HemoglobinGlycoside Hydrolase InhibitorsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsLipoproteins, HDLAcarboseAcetatesCholesterolFatty Acids, NonesterifiedGlycated HemoglobinGlycoside Hydrolase InhibitorsHypoglycemic AgentsLipoproteins, HDLMetforminPlacebosSulfonylurea CompoundsTriglyceridesTrisaccharides

Identifiers

PMID7743764
OpenAlexW2005699068

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.