Observational studyJournal of general internal medicine2016
Statin Use, Diabetes Incidence and Overall Mortality in Normoglycemic and Impaired Fasting Glucose Patients.
Observational study in Journal of general internal medicine, 2016. The graph read 4 numbers from its abstract, feeding 2 cells of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. It also reports 2 associations that do not count as treatment evidence, such as HR 1.24 (1.11 to 1.38) for glycemic control. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against
KEY RESULTS: After a mean of 6 years of follow-up, statin use was found to be associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes in the normoglycemic (HR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.35; p = 0.007) and IFG groups (HR 1.24; 95%CI, 1.11 to 1.38; p = 0.0001).
At the same time, overall mortality decreased in both normoglycemic (HR 0.70; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.80; p < 0.0001) and IFG patients (HR 0.77, 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.91; p = 0.0029) with statin use.
At the same time, overall mortality decreased in both normoglycemic (HR 0.70; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.80; p < 0.0001) and IFG patients (HR 0.77, 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.91; p = 0.0029) with statin use.
KEY RESULTS: After a mean of 6 years of follow-up, statin use was found to be associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes in the normoglycemic (HR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.35; p = 0.007) and IFG groups (HR 1.24; 95%CI, 1.11 to 1.38; p = 0.0001).
clause the extractor read what became the number
Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
Statins×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →4 readable studies in this cell: 1 favour the treatment, 3 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
Statins×all-cause mortality
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →13 readable studies in this cell: 3 favour the treatment, 8 find no difference, 2 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term outcomes of statin dose, class, and use intensity on primary prevention of cardiovascular mortality: a national T2DM cohort study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Article
- Effects of Statin Dose, Class, and Use Intensity on All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Statins are associated with new onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Medicare patients ≥65 years.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2020Article
- Frequent Causal Pattern Mining: A Computationally Efficient Framework For Estimating Bias-Corrected Effects.Proceedings : ... IEEE International Conference on Big Data. IEEE International Conference on Big Data · 2019Article
- The Association of Statin Therapy with Incident Diabetes: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Recommendations.Current cardiology reports · 2018Review
- Mortality is associated with inflammation, anemia, specific diseases and treatments, and molecular markers.PloS one · 2017Article
- Comparison of Transcriptome Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Fasting Glucose.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2016Article
- Statin Therapy: Review of Safety and Potential Side Effects.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2016Review
- Capsule Commentary on Castro et al., Statin Use, Diabetes Incidence and Overall Mortality in Normoglycemic and Impaired Fasting Glucose Patients.Journal of general internal medicine · 2016Article
- Statin-induced diabetes: incidence, mechanisms, and implications.F1000Research · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
backgroundThe association between the use of statins and the risk of diabetes and increased mortality within the same population has been a source of controversy, and may underestimate the value of statins for patients at risk.
objectiveWe aimed to assess whether statin use increases the risk of developing diabetes or affects overall mortality among normoglycemic patients and patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). DESIGN AND
participantsObservational cohort study of 13,508 normoglycemic patients (n = 4460; 33% taking statins) and 4563 IFG patients (n = 1865; 41% taking statin) among residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, with clinical data in the Mayo Clinic electronic medical record and at least one outpatient fasting glucose test between 1999 and 2004. Demographics, vital signs, tobacco use, laboratory results, medications and comorbidities were obtained by electronic search for the period 1999-2004. Results were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards models, and the risk of incident diabetes and mortality were analyzed by survival curves using the Kaplan-Meier method. MAIN MEASURES: The main endpoints were new clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and total mortality. KEY
resultsAfter a mean of 6 years of follow-up, statin use was found to be associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes in the normoglycemic (HR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.35; p = 0.007) and IFG groups (HR 1.24; 95%CI, 1.11 to 1.38; p = 0.0001). At the same time, overall mortality decreased in both normoglycemic (HR 0.70; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.80; p < 0.0001) and IFG patients (HR 0.77, 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.91; p = 0.0029) with statin use.
conclusionIn general, recommendations for statin use should not be affected by concerns over an increased risk of developing diabetes, since the benefit of reduced mortality clearly outweighs this small (19-24%) risk.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.