Trial reportHeart (British Cardiac Society)2025

Long-term benefits of atorvastatin on the incidence of cardiovascular events: the ASCOT-Legacy 20-year follow-up.

Peter S Sever, Somayeh Rostamian, William Whiteley, Cono Ariti, Thomas Godec, Ajay Gupta, Judith Mackay, Andrew Whitehouse, Neil R Poulter, ASCOT Investigators and 1 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2025. The graph read 3 numbers from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map: it supports the treatment in 1. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

3numbers the graph read from it
1cell of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
1 · no effect
Total coronary eventsatorvastatin vs placebofavours the treatment · dyslipidemia, ascvdfeeds one cell of the map
HR 0.880.80 to 0.980.017
RESULTS: Patients allocated to atorvastatin had a significant reduction in non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) events (HR (95% CI) 0.81 (0.69 to 0.94, p=0.006)), total coronary events (0.88 (0.80 to 0.98, p=0.017)) and CV deaths (0.86 (0.74 to 0.99, p=0.048)).
Non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) eventsatorvastatin vs placebofavours the treatment · dyslipidemia, ascvdfeeds one cell of the map
HR 0.810.69 to 0.940.006
RESULTS: Patients allocated to atorvastatin had a significant reduction in non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) events (HR (95% CI) 0.81 (0.69 to 0.94, p=0.006)), total coronary events (0.88 (0.80 to 0.98, p=0.017)) and CV deaths (0.86 (0.74 to 0.99, p=0.048)).
CV deathsatorvastatin vs placebofavours the treatment · dyslipidemia, ascvdfeeds one cell of the map
HR 0.860.74 to 0.990.048
RESULTS: Patients allocated to atorvastatin had a significant reduction in non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) events (HR (95% CI) 0.81 (0.69 to 0.94, p=0.006)), total coronary events (0.88 (0.80 to 0.98, p=0.017)) and CV deaths (0.86 (0.74 to 0.99, p=0.048)).

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

Statins×cardiovascular events

SupportsOpen on the map →What to test next →

30 readable studies in this cell: 18 favour the treatment, 11 find no difference, 1 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.86replicated · 12 families support, 2 contradict · against placebo
Without it
0.85This paper moves it by +0.01.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
1 · no effect
This paper · 2025
HR 0.880.80 to 0.98
HR 0.760.64 to 0.91
NCT023442907,769 enrolled · 2015
HR 0.640.48 to 0.84
HR 1.781.00 to 3.17
NCT03944512102 enrolled · 2019
RR 0.670.37 to 1.19
4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Peter S SeverNational Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK p.sever@imperial.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0421-2409
Somayeh RostamianNational Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7584-9493
William WhiteleyCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Cono AritiNational Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-0935
Thomas GodecWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Ajay GuptaNational Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5807-8503
Judith MackayNational Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Andrew WhitehouseNational Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Neil R PoulterSchool of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-997X
ASCOT Investigators
ASCOT investigators

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

aimsCardiovascular (CV) deaths were reduced by atorvastatin during a 16-year follow-up of participants in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-lipid-lowering arm. We now extend these observations over 20 years and report both non-fatal and fatal CV outcomes.

methodsA cohort of 4605 UK hypertensive participants with total cholesterol <6.5 mmol/L (2317 atorvastatin vs 2288 placebo) was followed for up to 21 years (IQR 9.1-19.3). Cox proportional hazard models assessed HRs for non-fatal and fatal CV events. At the end of the original trial (3.3 years), all participants were offered atorvastatin. Lipid profiles were obtained from all subjects 2 years later and from subgroups approximately 9 years post-trial.

resultsPatients allocated to atorvastatin had a significant reduction in non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) events (HR (95% CI) 0.81 (0.69 to 0.94, p=0.006)), total coronary events (0.88 (0.80 to 0.98, p=0.017)) and CV deaths (0.86 (0.74 to 0.99, p=0.048)). No significant reduction in heart failure (HF), strokes, total CV events and all-cause mortality was observed.In participants assigned atorvastatin in the trial, 3-year mean low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was strongly associated with long-term CV outcomes. The HRs per 1 mmol/L decrease were for non-fatal MI and fatal CHD (0.69 (0.57 to 0.85, p<0.001)), total coronary events (0.70 (0.61 to 0.79, p<0.001)), non-fatal and fatal HF (0.68 (0.57 to 0.81, p<0.001)), non-fatal and fatal stroke (0.74 (0.59 to 0.92, p=0.006)), total CV events and procedures (0.74 (0.66 to 0.81, p<0.001)), CV mortality (0.66 (0.55 to 0.81, p<0.001)) and all-cause mortality (0.81 (0.71 to 0.90, p<0.001)).Two years after the trial, approximately two-thirds of subjects in each arm were taking atorvastatin. At this time point and approximately 9 years post-trial, lipid profiles were similar between those formerly assigned atorvastatin or placebo.

conclusionsThese observations provide further evidence for the long-term legacy effects of statins and have implications for the early introduction of statins to prevent CV events and mortality.

Indexed as

Anticholesteremic AgentsCardiovascular DiseasesHeptanoic AcidsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHypertensionPyrrolesAgedAtorvastatinFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeAnticholesteremic AgentsAtorvastatinHeptanoic AcidsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsPyrrolesatherosclerosiscardiovascular diseaseshyperlipidemiaspharmacology, clinical

Identifiers

PMID40139683
PMCPMC12322408

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.