Trial reportBMC women's health2025
Comparative effects of empagliflozin and metformin on metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome, a double blinded randomized control feasibility trial.
Trial report in BMC women's health, 2025. The graph read 12 numbers from its abstract, feeding 6 cells of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. It is linked to trial NCT06140108 (Comparing the Effects of Empagliflozin and Metformin on Metabolic Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome With or Without Comorbidity or Multimorbidity), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against
For weight, the MDs were 0.9 ± 1.4 kg for Drug A and 6.7 ± 1.6 kg for Drug B.
In terms of lipid profiles, total cholesterol decreased by 18.3 ± 4.7 mg/dL in the Drug A group and by 34.9 ± 3.7 mg/dL in the Drug B group.
For weight, the MDs were 0.9 ± 1.4 kg for Drug A and 6.7 ± 1.6 kg for Drug B.
Similarly, LDL cholesterol reductions were 22.4 ± 5.6 mg/dL for Drug A and 31.1 ± 4.9 mg/dL for Drug B.
Triglycerides also decreased, with reductions of 46.2 ± 11.4 mg/dL in the Drug A group and 72.8 ± 7.0 mg/dL in the Drug B group.
Similarly, LDL cholesterol reductions were 22.4 ± 5.6 mg/dL for Drug A and 31.1 ± 4.9 mg/dL for Drug B.
Triglycerides also decreased, with reductions of 46.2 ± 11.4 mg/dL in the Drug A group and 72.8 ± 7.0 mg/dL in the Drug B group.
Additionally, HDL cholesterol levels increased by 17.0 ± 3.2 mg/dL for Drug A and 25.2 ± 2.0 mg/dL for Drug B.
Finally, the HbA1c level was 0.4 ± 0.07% for Drug A and 0.9 ± 0.2% for Drug B.
Finally, the HbA1c level was 0.4 ± 0.07% for Drug A and 0.9 ± 0.2% for Drug B.
Additionally, HDL cholesterol levels increased by 17.0 ± 3.2 mg/dL for Drug A and 25.2 ± 2.0 mg/dL for Drug B.
In terms of lipid profiles, total cholesterol decreased by 18.3 ± 4.7 mg/dL in the Drug A group and by 34.9 ± 3.7 mg/dL in the Drug B group.
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Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
Metformin×body weight & composition
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →19 readable studies in this cell: 7 favour the treatment, 6 find no difference, 6 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
Metformin×lipids
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →10 readable studies in this cell: 4 favour the treatment, 5 find no difference, 1 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
Metformin×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 41 favour the treatment, 13 find no difference, 7 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
SGLT2 inhibitors×body weight & composition
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 62 favour the treatment, 9 find no difference, 2 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
SGLT2 inhibitors×lipids
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →9 readable studies in this cell: 3 favour the treatment, 6 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
SGLT2 inhibitors×glycemic control
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 81 favour the treatment, 11 find no difference, 4 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparing the Effects of Empagliflozin and Metformin on Metabolic Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome With or Without Comorbidity or Multimorbidity
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Diagnostic performance of deep learning models on ultrasound images for distinguishing benign from malignant ovarian cysts.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- Metformin Beyond Glycemic Control: Cardiovascular Protection and Diabetes Prevention.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Empagliflozin in the Absence of Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Its Anthropometric and Metabolic Effects in Humans and Animals.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
objectivesTo determine the safety and efficacy of empagliflozin compared with those of metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with insulin resistance (IR).
methodA single-center, prospective, double-blind randomized (1:1 ratio) noninferiority trial was conducted at the primary healthcare organization in slums between December 2023 and June 2024. Women aged 18-45 years with PCOS were enrolled and randomly assigned to either 10 mg (n = 41) empagliflozin daily or metformin 500 mg twice a day (n = 39) for 24 weeks. The primary outcome was changes in metabolic parameters and weight after 24 weeks of treatment. STATA software version 17 was used for statistical analysis, independent t tests were used for continuous variables, and Welch's correction was applied when variances were unequal. Categorical variables were compared via Fischer exact tests or chi-square (X
resultComparing the outcomes before and after treatment on the basis of the mean differences (MDs) revealed significant changes in various outcomes for both Drug A (Metformin) and Drug B (Empagliflozin). For weight, the MDs were 0.9 ± 1.4 kg for Drug A and 6.7 ± 1.6 kg for Drug B. In terms of lipid profiles, total cholesterol decreased by 18.3 ± 4.7 mg/dL in the Drug A group and by 34.9 ± 3.7 mg/dL in the Drug B group. Additionally, HDL cholesterol levels increased by 17.0 ± 3.2 mg/dL for Drug A and 25.2 ± 2.0 mg/dL for Drug B. Similarly, LDL cholesterol reductions were 22.4 ± 5.6 mg/dL for Drug A and 31.1 ± 4.9 mg/dL for Drug B. Triglycerides also decreased, with reductions of 46.2 ± 11.4 mg/dL in the Drug A group and 72.8 ± 7.0 mg/dL in the Drug B group. For fasting blood sugar (FBS), the MD was 28 ± 4.0 mg/dL for Drug A and 26.4 ± 3.6 mg/dL for Drug B. Finally, the HbA1c level was 0.4 ± 0.07% for Drug A and 0.9 ± 0.2% for Drug B.
conclusionThis study suggested that empagliflozin may offer greater metabolic benefits than metformin in overweight women with PCOS and prediabetes, although the adjusted results were not significantly different. These findings support the potential of SGLT2 inhibitors as alternative or add-on therapies.
trial registrationThe clinical trial registration number was NCT06140108 in https://register. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/ registration date 11th of November 2023. Recruitment of the participants started at 15th of November 2023 and trial started in December 2023 and ended in June 2024.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.