Trial reportCirculation. Heart failure2015
Association Between Use of Statins and Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure and Ejection Fraction of ≥50.
Trial report in Circulation. Heart failure, 2015. The graph read 3 numbers from its abstract, feeding 2 cells of the map: it favours the comparator in 1. It also reports 2 associations that do not count as treatment evidence, such as HR 0.89 (0.82 to 0.96) for cardiovascular events. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
In the matched population, 1-year survival was 85.1% for statin-treated versus 80.9% for untreated patients (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-0.89; P<0.001).
Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against
Statins were also associated with reduced cardiovascular death (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.98; P=0.026) and composite all-cause mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-0.96; P=0.003).
Statins were also associated with reduced cardiovascular death (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.98; P=0.026) and composite all-cause mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-0.96; P=0.003).
clause the extractor read what became the number
Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
Statins×all-cause mortality
ContradictsOpen on the map →What to test next →14 readable studies in this cell: 3 favour the treatment, 9 find no difference, 2 favour the comparator.
Statins×cardiovascular events
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →30 readable studies in this cell: 18 favour the treatment, 11 find no difference, 1 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of statin use and clinical outcomes in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Lipids in health and disease · 2019 · on this mapPooled it
- The Effect of the combination therapy of statin and dapagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of sodium_glucose Co-transporter type 2, in the treatment of Ischemic heart disease with heart failure: A randomized controlled trial.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Effects of statins on functional capacity and cardiac remodeling in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: a randomized open-label pilot trial.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Trial
- Real-World Prescribing Patterns and Factors Associated with In-Hospital Statin Initiation Among Statin-Naïve Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: The HEROES Registry.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Preserved Ejection, Lost Rhythm: A Narrative Review of the Pathophysiology and Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Concomitant Atrial Fibrillation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- From Gut to Heart: Targeting Trimethylamine N-Oxide as a Novel Strategy in Heart Failure Management.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- The crosstalk between immune activation and metabolism in heart failure. A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association of the ESC.European journal of heart failure · 2025Review
- Coronary microvascular dysfunction and its role in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction for future prevention and treatment.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025Article
- Targeting cardiac fibrosis with Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered Cells.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Macrophage metabolism in inflammatory heart disease: new insights and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Prognostic Impact of Statins in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Use of Statins in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Current Evidence and Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Statins improve cardiac endothelial function to prevent heart failure with preserved ejection fraction through upregulating circRNA-RBCK1.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Initiation of Statins for Primary Prevention in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Residual cardiovascular disease risk in heart failure patients. What is the real role of lipid-lowering therapy?Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Interleukin-6 in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction.JACC. Heart failure · 2023Article
- Medications for specific phenotypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction classified by a machine learning-based clustering model.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2023 · on this mapObservational
- Targeting epicardial adipose tissue: A potential therapeutic strategy for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction with type 2 diabetes mellitus.World journal of diabetes · 2023Review
- Obesity and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: new insights and pathophysiological targets.Cardiovascular research · 2023Review
- Inflammation as a therapeutic target in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
backgroundThe pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is poorly understood, but may involve a systemic proinflammatory state. Therefore, statins might improve outcomes in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction defined as ≥50%. METHODS AND
resultsOf 46 959 unique patients in the prospective Swedish Heart Failure Registry, 9140 patients had heart failure and ejection fraction ≥50% (age 77±11 years, 54.0% women), and of these, 3427 (37.5%) were treated with statins. Propensity scores for statin treatment were derived from 40 baseline variables. The association between statin use and primary (all-cause mortality) and secondary (separately, cardiovascular mortality, and combined all-cause mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization) end points was assessed with Cox regressions in a population matched 1:1 based on age and propensity score. In the matched population, 1-year survival was 85.1% for statin-treated versus 80.9% for untreated patients (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-0.89; P<0.001). Statins were also associated with reduced cardiovascular death (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.98; P=0.026) and composite all-cause mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-0.96; P=0.003).
conclusionsIn heart failure with ejection fraction ≥50%, the use of statins was associated with improved outcomes. The mechanisms should be evaluated and the effects tested in a randomized trial.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.